高考词汇

clone v. 克隆

terrify v. 使惊恐，使受惊吓

murder v. 谋杀

refuse v. 拒绝

breathe v. 呼吸

rush v. 冲，猛冲

cure v. 治愈

insert v. 植入，插入

resist v. 抵抗

sow v. 播种

analyse v. 分析

spit v. 吐出（唾液）

accompany v. 陪伴，陪同

absorb v. 吸收

arise v. （问题、困难等）发生，出现

wing n. 翅膀

fear n. 害怕，恐惧

head n. 头目，领导

bacteria n. 细菌

tissue n. （生理）组织

component n. 成分

pea n. 豌豆

procedure n. 程序

vice n. 缺点，弱点

virtue n. 道德上的优点，善行

regulation n. 法规，条例

rot n. （细菌引起的）腐败病，腐蚀病

pest n. 害虫

suspect n. 嫌疑人

fingernail n. 手指甲

violence n. 暴力

beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的

acid adj. 酸（性）的

transparent adj. 透明的

fundamental adj. 基本的，不可或缺的，重要的

controversial adj. 有争议的

valid adj. 有确实根据的，有效的

optional adj. 可选择的

contradictory adj. 互相矛盾的，相反的，对立的

flexible adj. 易适应的

compulsory adj. 强制的，强迫的

handy adj. 方便的，便利的

常用短语

burn out （火）燃尽，烧完自灭

contrast with 与……形成对照

throw oneself on... 扑倒在……上

make a sound 发出声音

again and again 一再，屡次

by mistake 错误地

treat ... as 把……当成……对待

（be） identical to 和……一样，与……一致

as follows 如下

knock out 摧毁

get out of control 摆脱控制

as far as we know 据我们所知

break down 分解

vice versa 反过来也一样，反之亦然

bring... back to life 使……复活

拓展词汇

disgust v. 使觉得恶心；使厌烦

nonsense n. 胡说八道，胡扯

imaginary adj. 假想的，虚构的

reproduce v. 复制，使再现

词汇短语园地

1. terrify v. 使惊恐，使受惊吓

The thunderstorm terrified the child.

雷雨把那个小孩吓坏了。

His terrifying stories terrified these girls.

他讲的恐怖故事吓坏了这些女孩子。

terrified adj. 恐惧，很害怕

be terrified of sth/doing sth 惧怕某事/做某事

He is terrified of speaking English in class.

他害怕在课堂上讲英语。

2. refuse v. 拒绝，回绝

We asked him to come， but he refused.

我们叫他来，可是他拒绝了。

refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事

He refused to come to the meeting.

他拒绝来参加会议。

3. fear n. 害怕，恐惧

（1） 当fear作名词意为“恐惧”时，多为不可数名词。

His voice shook with fear.

他害怕得声音发抖。

（2） 当fear作名词意为“忧虑；担心的事”时，为可数名词。

There is no reason for your fears.

你没有理由担心。

1） for fear of （由于怕）以防……

Shut the window for fear of catching a cold.

关闭窗户以免感冒。

2） in fear of 担心/害怕……

The thief passed the day in fear of being discovered.

这个小偷整天提心吊胆害怕被发现。

4. cure v. 治愈，治好（病人或动物）；治好（疾病）

Penicillin cured him of pneumonia.

青霉素治愈了他的肺炎。

比较：cure和heal的区别

（1） cure一般用于疾病方面的治愈；除了人或动物的疾病外，cure也可用于其他能够“出毛病”的事或物。

TB is a serious illness， but it can be cured.

肺结核虽然是一种严重的疾病，但是可以治愈。

I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car.

我最终设法解决了我的汽车发出的咯咯响声。

（2） heal也表示“治愈，复原”之意，但多半用在外伤伤口的治愈；heal也用在精神上的“医治”。

The cut will soon heal up/heal over.

伤口很快就会愈合。

Time heals all sorrows.

时间可以治愈一切忧伤。

5. resist v. 抵抗，反抗；抗拒；忍耐，忍住

（1） resist表示“抵抗，反抗；抗拒”时，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。

The nation was unable to resist the invasion.

该国无力抵抗侵略。

If the enemy continue to resist， wipe them out.

如果敌人继续抵抗，就把他们消灭掉。

（2） resist表示“抵挡；保持原状；不受……伤害；抗酸，耐热”等时为及物动词，后面通常接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。

The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.

银行强烈反对降低利率。

This special coating is designed to resist rust.

这一特别的涂层旨在抗锈。

（3） resist表示“忍耐，忍受”时作及物动词，常用于否定句，可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，也可作不及物动词。

I couldnt resist the temptation to tease Ollie.

我忍不住要逗奥利玩。

I couldnt resist telling him the secret.

我克制不住只得把秘密告诉了他。

6. accompany v. 陪伴，陪同；附有；伴奏

Who will accompany you to the airport？

谁将陪你去机场？

The well-known singer was accompanied at the electronic organ by his primary school teacher.

那位著名歌唱家的小学老师用电子风琴为他伴奏。

7. absorb v. 吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；汲

取，理解（知识等）；使全神贯注，吸引（注意

等）；合并（公司等），吞并；承受，经受

Cotton gloves absorb sweat.

棉手套吸汗。

So many good ideas！ Its too much for me to absorb all at once.

这么多好主意！太多了，我很难一下子完全吸收。

The old man was utterly absorbed in the book.

老人全神贯注地读这本书。

Small businesses are absorbed by big ones.

小公司被大公司吞并了。

She wont be able to absorb another heavy blow.

她无力承受再一次的沉重打击。

8. arise v.（问题、困难等）发生，出现；升起，上升

Between the copartners serious disagreements arose.

合伙人之间产生了严重分歧。

Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.

在他们进行实验的过程中，出现了意想不到的困难。

A heavy mist arose from the lake.

湖面起了浓雾。

9. burn out （火）燃尽，烧完自灭；烧掉（家、

店、财产等）；烧坏（电灯泡、电器）；（怒气

等）消失；（因工作过度等）垮下，筋疲力尽

The fire had burnt （itself） out before the fire engines arrived.

消防车到达之前火就熄灭了。

The fire burned out his shop and left him deep in debt.

火烧掉了他的商店，使他负债累累。

The electric light bulb burned out.

电灯泡烧坏了。

Their anger seems to have burned out.

他们的愤怒似乎已经平息了。

Youll burn yourself out if you go on working at this rate.

如果你继续这样干下去，你的身体会垮掉的。

10. by mistake 错误地

Ive poured coffee into your cup by mistake.

我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。

Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake.

汤姆一定是弄错了才拿了你的字典。

11. treat...as 把……当成……对待

Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.

不要把这件严肃的事情当作笑料。

He was treated as a hero on his release from prison.

他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。

12. （be） identical to 和……一样，与……一致

Your appearance is identical to hers.

你的相貌和她的一模一样。

This picture is identical to the one my mother has.

这张照片和我母亲的那张一模一样。

13. knock out 摧毁；击昏；从比赛中排除；磕干

净；使震惊，使惊得发呆；使（某人）疲劳，

使（某人）累垮；尽最大努力，竭尽全力

The telephone communications were knocked out by the storm.

电话线被风暴摧毁了。

He received a blow on the head which knocked him out.

他头上被打了一拳就昏倒了。

He has now knocked out most of the other competitors.

他现在已经压倒了大多数其他竞赛对手。

After knocking out his pipe， the old man went on with his story.

老人把烟斗里的烟灰磕干净后又继续讲故事。

The beautiful scenery really knocks me out.

这美丽的景色简直把我给迷住了。

He knocked himself out with excessive work.

他工作过度，把身体累垮了。

He knocked himself out cramming for the exams.

他正竭尽全力赶功课准备应试。

14. get out of control 摆脱控制；无法管理

The noise frightened the horse and it got out of control.

马被响声惊着了而无法控制。

The carriage got out of control and ran over a pedestrian.

那辆马车失去了控制，碾过一个行人。

1） be in control （of sth） 掌管；管理；控制

2） be under control 被控制住；处于控制之下

3） bring/get/keep sth under control 控制；抑制

4） lose control （of ） 失去控制

5） take control of 掌控

15. break down 分解

Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

水可以分解为氢和氧。

The population breaks down into three main groups.

人口可分成三个主要的族群。

16. as far as we know 据我们所知

As far as we know， the earth is the only planet with life on it.

就我们所知，地球是唯一的有生命存在的行星。

As far as we know， no one has ever gotten sick by eating infected mutton.

正如我们所了解的那样，没有一个人因吃染病的羊肉而得病。

跟踪导练（一）

A

“High tech” and “state of the art” are two expressions that describe very modern technology. High tech is just a shorter way of saying high technology. And high technology describes any invention， system or device （设备） that uses the newest ideas or discoveries of science and engineering.

What is high tech？ A computer is high tech. So is a communication satellite. A modern manufacturing （制造业的） system is surely high tech.

High tech became a popular expression in the United States during the early 1980s. Because of improvements in technology， people could buy many new kinds of products in American stores， such as home computers， microwave ovens， etc.

“State of the art” is something that is as modern as possible. It is a product that is based on the very latest methods and technology. Something that is “state of the art” is the newest possible design or product of a business or industry. A state of the art television set， for example， uses the most modern electronic design and parts. It is the best that one can buy.

“State of the art” is not a new expression. Engineers have used it for years to describe the best and most modern way of doing something.

Millions of Americans began to use the expression in the late 1970s. The reason was the computer revolution （计算机革命）. Every computer company claimed that its computers were “state of the art”.

Computer technology changes so fast that a state of the art computer today might be old tomorrow. The expression “state of the art” has become as common and popular as computers themselves. Now all kinds of products are said to be “state of the art”.

1. What do “high tech” and “state of the art” describe？

A. Modern art. B. Manufacturing.

C. Education in the future. D. Modern technology.

2. Millions of Americans began to use “state of the art” because of ___ .

A. the work of engineers B. the latest technology

C. the computer revolution D. new kinds of products

3. What can we infer from the passage？

A. A wooden spoon is “state of the art”.

B. “High tech” decribes a technology that is traditional.

C. “State of the art” became popular earlier than “high tech”.

D. American stores could provide all kinds of products for people.

4. Whats the best title of the passage？

A. Computer Technology

B. Two New Expressions

C. Most Advanced Technology

D. High Tech and State of the Art

B

There is that great an idea that in an information and knowledge based economy， the most important thing for companies is attracting and holding outstanding talented guys. Obviously I will not say that is not important， but in my opinion a successful and groundbreaking company cannot be built just from the collection of high talented people， as a great sports team cant be constructed only by the collection of great players.

It is more important to build teams of people that achieve the goals according to the companys organizational vision （洞察力）. It is necessary to create organizations where everybody （with outstanding talent or not） can develop their best personal abilities and that these abilities are addressed to achieve the corporate （共同的） goals and mission. The companys efforts must be addressed to design an organizational system that produces and uses talent from everyone in the company.

Trying to get the best from our people through corporate team building policies， establishing a concrete corporate culture and values， making our company a place where people want to work because it is a good place to stay and develop their abilities， is the best way to compete in the knowledge economy. That will keep us out of the obligation to continually seek for the “best players” and entering in the retribution auctions （拍卖）.

We have to take into account that， nowadays， the real talented and creative people like to work or keep themselves busy in projects where they can develop their abilities， where they can be involved in the organizational goals and vision， and where they are treated with respect and dignity. Definitively， they want to be happy doing their jobs. And we have to build organizations where they can find that.

5. What does the underlined word “that” refer to？

A. The great idea.

B. Information and knowledge.

C. The collection of talented people.

D. Attracting and holding talented people.

6. According to the author， a good company should consist of ___ .

A. common people

B. outstanding people

C. both talented and common people

D. more talented people than common people

7. The most important thing a successful company should do is ___ .

A. to continually seek for talented people

B. to employ people with different abilities

C. to make it a place where employees can get the best pay and great respect

D. to make it a place where employees are glad to devote themselves to work

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。每空一词，有两个词是多余的。

breathe chase clone contrast disgust

fear murder refuse rush terrify

1. The small girl was ____ of that big black cat.

2. The police have been trying to ____ up the dead mans sister， but they have no idea where she lives.

3. Were all ____ at the way her husband has treated her.

4. The suspect was charged with ____ his wife.

5. If the bank ____ to lend us the money， were finished！

6. People can ____ better when the air is clean.

7. When the artificial flowers are ____ with natural ones， you can hardly tell the difference.

8. Crowds of people are ____ home from work at this hour.

下列各句每句有1个错误，请标出并改正在右边横线上。

1. We spoke quietly with fear of waking up the baby. ____

2. It is interesting to contrast with the two writers. ____

3. It never occurred me that he would refuse. ____

4. It was at the airport where I picked up Mary this afternoon.

____

1. 小时候，我们的老师反复告诉我们要努力学习。

2. 我倒在床上，开始哭起来。

3. 我们的制度与他们的相比，显得过于守旧了。

4. 他无言地注视着母亲，他已经很久没见过她了。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Are you preparing any gifts for your friends now？ 1 ， but choosing a proper gift can be a big headache， because it takes a lot of time and effort to think of the right gift for someone. Before you finish your list， keep these dos and donts in mind：

Do put thought into your gift.

If you like something， that doesnt mean that your friend is going to like it， too. 2 . Dont get him/her an ordinary gift， and reflect back on your previous conversations to see if he/she talked about a certain gift he/she had been wanting to get.

Dont buy an inappropriate gift.

Make sure the gift youre buying is suitable for the person. 3 ， remember not to overspend or personalize it too much. Take a moment to think about how your relationship is with the person before getting him/her something.

Do get a gift receipt （收据）.

If youre purchasing something for your friend， make sure you ask the salesperson to include a gift receipt. Its just a polite gesture， and you know your money wont go to waste. 4 .

Dont leave the price tag （标签） on.

Make sure you dont leave the price tag on the gift and that youre giving a gift receipt and not the original bill. 5 . And its not important for him/her to know anyway.

A. Dont be afraid of spending money

B. Giving gifts has forever been so pleasant

C. For example， if youre buying a friend a gift

D. Take some time to really think about what he/she likes

E. If your friend doesnt like the gift， you can just exchange it

F. Giving a very special gift to someone you care about

can be tough

G. Its not proper to let your friend know how much you

spent on the gift

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Coming home from school that dark winter day so long ago， I was filled with excitement of having the weekend off. But I was 1 into stillness by what I saw. Mother， seated at the far end of the sofa， 2 with the second-hand green typewriter on the table. She told me that she couldnt type fast and then she was out of work. My shock and embarrassment at finding Mother in tears was a perfect 3 of how little I understood the pressures on her. Sitting beside her on the sofa， I began very 4 to understand. “I guess we all have to 5

sometime， ”mother said quietly. I could 6 her pain and the tension （ 压力） of 7 the strong feelings that were interrupted by my arrival. Suddenly， something inside me 8 . I reached out and put my arms around her. She broke down then. She put her

face 9 my shoulder and sobbed. I held her 10 and didnt try to talk. I knew I was doing what I should， what I could and that it was 11 . At that moment， feeling mothers

12 with feelings， I understood for the first time her being so easy to 13 . She was still my mother， 14 she was something more： a person like me， capable of fear and 15 and failure. I could feel her pain as she must have felt mine on a thousand occasions （场合） when I sought 16 in her arms.

A week later mother took a job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station 17 . “Its a job I can do， though，” she said simply. But the evening 18 on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very 19 feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her 20 across the paper. I knew there was something more going on there than a woman learning to type.

1. A. tired B. ashamed C. moved D. shocked

2. A. crying B. smiling C. thinking D. typing

3. A. performance B. communication

C. proof D. belief

4. A. gently B. slowly C. naturally D. proudly

5. A. fail B. forgive C. escape D. hug

6. A. learn B. watch C. sense D. recognize

7. A. holding back B. putting away

C. opening up D. stopping from

8. A. feared B. reacted C. turned D. increased

9. A. to B. up C. through D. against

10. A. tightly B. thoughtfully C. carefully D. politely

11. A. enough B. hard C. better D. positive

12. A. hand B. face C. hair D. back

13. A. complain B. break C. fall D. strike

14. A. therefore B. and C. yet D. though

15. A. poverty B. defeat C. talent D. hurt

16. A. kindness B. memory C. comfort D. answers

17. A. supplied B. offered C. paid D. contributed

18. A. practice B. discussion C. topic D. class

19. A. different B. unusual C. pleasant D. serious

20. A. getting B. tapping C. putting D. jumping

跟踪导练（二）

A

During the Christmas shopping rush in London， the interesting story was reported of a tramp （流浪汉） who， obviously though no fault of his own， found himself locked in a well-known chain store late on Christmas Eve. No doubt the store was crowded with last-minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and wanting to get home. Probably all the proper safety checks were made before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three-day holiday untroubled by customers anxious to get last-minute Christmas presents.

However ridiculous that may be， the tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. There was food， drink， bedding and camping equipment， of which he made good use. There must also have been television sets and radios. Though it was not reported if he took advantage of these facilities， when the shop reopened he was discovered in bed with a large number of empty bottles beside him. He seemed to have been a man of good humor as indeed tramps very commonly are.

Everyone else was enjoying Christmas， so he saw no good reason why he should not do the same. He yielded himself cheerfully， and was taken by the police. Perhaps he had had a better Christmas than usual. He was sent to prison for seven days. The judge awarded （判给） no compensation （赔偿） to the chain store for the goods the tramp had used. They had， in his opinion， already received valuable free advertisement from the story revealed in the newspaper and on television. Perhaps the judge had had a good Christmas， too.

1. The tramp was locked in the store ___ .

A. for 7 days B. on purpose

C. by accident D. for safety reasons

2. What does the underlined phrase “dead beat” mean？

A. Angry. B. Exhausted.

C. Forgetful. D. Careless.

3. When he was arrested， the tramp ___ .

A. was drunk

B. made no resistance

C. felt himself wronged

D. felt he should be punished

4. The judge didnt award compensation to the chain store because ___ .

A. the tramp was penniless

B. the tramp had stolen nothing of value

C. the store was responsible for what happened

D. the report of the event benefited the store a lot

B

To the American visitors Iceland is a very interesting country， partly because it is different in so many ways from what he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not done， or that do not exist on the island—quite a few “noes”.

There is no pollution， for example. No dogs are permitted in Reykjavik， the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the whole month of July， and only three hours of black-and-white TV the rest of the time. There is no hard liquor （酒） on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There are no handguns； only one jail of 35 cells （小牢房） in the whole land—an admirable figure， even for a small country of 222，000 people.

There is no army， air force or navy. There is no tipping for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays and Sundays. Since Iceland is located just under the Arctic Circle， there is no darkness in summer and no daylight in winter. But thanks to the Gulf Stream， the climate is rather warm， with temperatures ranging from 34 degrees Fahrenheit （华氏温度） to 52 degrees in July.

The rules on television， liquor， and guns are the result of governmental decision. But the absence of pollution is due in great part to the fact that Iceland gets its power from the enormous geysers （间歇喷泉） and the thousands of hot springs that come out of ground. They provide all the energy needed by the country. In fact， Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power.

Iceland has been described as an independent country where more fish are caught and more books are published per person than anywhere else in the world. The Icelanders have always felt a particular love for literature. They composed their first works in the ninth and tenth centuries AD. These works were poems and stories about the kings， heroes， and heroines of Iceland and Norway. At first the stories were memorized and passed from generation to generation. They were finally written down between 1140 and 1220. The Icelanders have never stopped writing ever since. “Rather shoeless than bookless，” they proudly say.

5. The American visitor enjoys visiting Iceland because ___ .

A. the climate is rather mild

B. it is very different from America

C. the police do not carry handguns

D. no dogs are permitted in the capital

6. It can be inferred from the passage that in Iceland ___ .

A. the sun doesnt set in winter

B. the sun rises and sets regularly

C. the sun never rises in winter and never sets in summer

D. the climate is rather mild because there is no daylight in winter

7. There is no pollution in Iceland mainly because ___ .

A. it is an independent country

B. it is located just under the Arctic Circle

C. Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power

D. the Icelanders use hot water from under ground as their energy

8. “Rather shoeless than bookless” means ___ .

A. they prefer shoes to books

B. they prefer not to have shoes or books

C. they regard books more important than shoes

D. they would rather have shoes on than write books

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。每空一词，有两个词是多余的。

cure benefit head identical imagine

incredible mistake nightmare nonsense treat

1. Older people seemed to dream less and have fewer ____.

2. Their views on this problem are surprisingly____ .

3. Some people have been ____ of serious diseases through the practice of insight meditation.

4. I decided to ____ his remark as a joke， instead of being offended by it.

5. He told a story about an ____ land that I always dream of.

6. He went over the ____ of union officials， appealing directly to the workforce.

7. For such a tiny woman she had an ____ strength.

8. Jerry told me that the moon was made of cheese. What ____ ！

下列各句每句有1个错误，请标出并改正在右边横线上。

1. She wishes to be treated with nothing more than a common

girl. ____

2. He is left lonely and has no one to support him. ____

3. Is that a dead bird at his feet？ What disgusting！ ____

4. The experienced doctor cured the pain of my back. ____

1. 请原谅我误拆了你的信。

2. 有些人赞成这个项目，另一些人反对。

3. 如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。

4. 新鲜空气和优质食物对人类有益。

When our dog， Angel Michelle， was diagnosed （诊断） with bone cancer in June of 2007， my family was shocked. She was only eight years old， and 1 the slight injury on her right knee， she looked and behaved normally.

Angel had always been a healthy dog， though sometimes a bit 2 about loud noises. From the time she was a puppy we were careful not to shout at one another because we might 3

the dog， which proves that pets help us treat others 4 .

While watching our lovely Angel 5 one morning， I suddenly realized that I had learned more about life from my dog than any human could have taught me. She slept 6 ， with peaceful breath. Suddenly her legs started moving against my feet. I was sure Angel dreamed she was 7 down one of the many roads we had taken her on before her cancer days. 8 she was swimming in the lakes we had taken her to. I 9 a very happy， peaceful dog at that moment. All the 10 we had with her were priceless gifts that she could 11 endlessly in her mind， despite her 12 that made her feel the pain.

I also 13 we had done things right for her， and our children took the 14 out of their busy lives to build lots of wonderful memories with her. These memories will surely benefit us when we too are at an age when 15 disabilities might happen to us.

I no longer cry over how Angel isnt expected to live past Christmas. She has reminded me over and over how 16 her life has been， and that its enough for her to just lie at my 17 ， enjoying quality time.

Ill never 18 the day we had to increase Angel Michelles pain medication because she was having a “bad cancer day”. She reached out and licked （舔） my cheek （脸颊）， looking up at me with 19 that told me， “I know youre doing everything you can for me. And its 20 .”

1. A. but for B. except for C. in addition to D. due to

2. A. nervous B. angry C. concerned D. crazy

3. A. disturb B. wake C. hurt D. violate

4. A. carefully B. seriously C. kindly D. generously

5. A. jumping B. walking C. sleeping D. eating

6. A. uncomfortably B. sadly C. awkwardly D. soundly

7. A. rushing B. lying C. sliding D. running

8. A. Fortunately B. Perhaps C. Naturally D. Otherwise

9. A. imagined B. dreamed C. saw D. remembered

10. A. things B. memories C. hobbies D. adventures

11. A. live B. own C. change D. review

12. A. cancer B. injury C. sadness D. difficulty

13. A. expected B. thought C. realized D. proved

14. A. care B. time C. money D. effort

15. A. mental B. physical C. spiritual D. typical

16. A. proud B. wonderful C. successful D. moving

17. A. table B. door C. house D. feet

18. A. forget B. have C. remember D. forgive

19. A. voices B. brain C. eyes D. heart

20. A. incredible B. enough C. beneficial D. difficult

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the past there lived a foolish man in a small kingdom

1 （call） Zheng. One day he wanted to buy 2 （he） a pair of new shoes. He measured his 3 （foot） with a ruler first and wrote down his size. 4 he was in such a hurry to set out that he left it at home.

When he arrived at the shoe shop， he felt in the pocket only 5 （find） that it was not there. So he made an apology. “I 6 （leave） the measurement at home and dont know the size. Ill fetch it in one minute.” 7 these words， he hurried off as fast as his legs could carry him.

He ran back home， found it and took it to the shop again. But still it took him quite a while and the shop was closed then. He 8 （go） to all this trouble for nothing and did not get his shoes.

Then someone 9 （ask） him with surprise， “Did you buy the shoes for yourself or someone else？” “For myself， of course.” He answered. “Then 10 dont you try the shoes on by yourself？”

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟踪导练（三）

A

Feel tired lately？ Has a doctor said he cant find anything wrong with you？ Perhaps he has sent you to a hospital， but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.

Then， consider this： you might be in a state of sub-health （亚健康）.

Sub-health， also called the third state or gray state， is explained as a borderline state between health and disease.

According to the survey by the National Health Organization， over 45 percent of sub-healthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week.

Symptoms include a lack of energy， depression， slow reactions， insomnia， anger， and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath， sweating and aching in the waist and legs.

The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health， according to some medical experts， is to form good living habits， alternate work and rest， exercise regularly， and take part in open air activities.

As for meals， people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables， fruits， fish because they are rich in nutritional （营养的） elements—vitamins and other elements that are important to the body.

Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract （消化道）. They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.

1. It may be easy for middle-aged people to get sub-healthy because ___ .

A. they begin to get older

B. they have used up their energy

C. they have lost their living hopes

D. they have more pressure in life and work

2. The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is to ___ .

A. work hard B. sleep more

C. take more medicine D. form good living habits

3. The underlined word “alternate” probably means “___” .

A. get tired of B. arrange by turns

C. cause to take place D. keep oneself busy with

4. When you are in a state of sub-health， you should ___ .

A. stay at home and keep silent

B. find out the reasons and relax yourself

C. go to see a doctor and buy some medicine

D. have yourself examined in foreign countries

B

In the past， people who graduated from college felt proud of their academic achievements and confident that their degree （学位） would help them to find a good job.

However， in the past four years the job market has changed greatly. This years college graduates are facing one of the worst job markets. For example， Ryan Stewart， a graduate of San Jose State University， got a degree in religious studies， but he has not got any job offers. He points out that many people already working are getting laid off （失业） and dont have jobs， so its even harder for new college graduates to find jobs.

Four years ago， the future looked bright for his class of 2009. There were many high-tech （“dotcom”） job opportunities， graduates received many job offers， and they were able to get jobs with high salaries and benefits such as health insurance and paid vacations. However， “Times have changed. Its a new market”， according to an officer of the university.

The officer says students who do find jobs started preparing two years ago. They worked during summer vacations， they have had several short-time jobs， and they majored in fields that are still paying well， such as accounting or nursing.

Even teaching is not a safe profession now. Ryan Stewart wanted to be a teacher， but instead he will probably go back to school in order to become a college teacher. He thinks college teaching could be a good job even in a bad economy.

In conclusion， these days a college degree does not lead to a good job with a high salary. Some students can only hope that the value of their degree will increase in the future.

5. What did a college degree mean to people in the past？

A. It was a proof of their professional skills.

B. It built up their confidence in the job market.

C. It would help them to start an academic career.

D. It would guarantee their quick lift in their position.

6. Why has Ryan Stewart not got any job offer？

A. There are too many graduates of his major.

B. He wants to find a job with very high salary.

C. He has not received a degree in the university.

D. The job market has changed greatly since 2009.

7. Why does Ryan Stewart want to be a college teacher？

A. Teachers are well-paid.

B. He majored in teaching in the university.

C. College teaching is less challenging than high-tech jobs.

D. College teaching career wont be influenced by economy.

8. What can be concluded from the passage？

A. Graduates must prepare early to find jobs.

B. New college graduates today cant find jobs.

C. A college degree can still lead to a good job.

D. The value of a college degree has reduced now.

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。每空一词，有两个词是多余的。

controversial exception flexible fundament gene

option organism procedure sequence upbringing

1. Her country ____ explains her love of nature.

2. Researchers are gradually deciphering （破译） the ____ structure found in the cells of organisms.

3. The ____ cause of his success is his hard work.

4. The first step in the ____ for making a kite is to build the frame.

5. Last month a ____ of traffic accidents happened in the small city.

6. Apart from the compulsory exercises， there are also voluntary or ____ exercises.

7. All her children are clever， but the youngest boy is really ____ .

8. Adults are not often ____ ； they do not feel comfortable in another place.

下列各句每句有1个错误，请标出并改正在右边横线上。

1. Do you think life is a sequence of agreeable event？ ____

2. The prisoners statement was contradictory with the one hed made earlier. ____

3. If she were be here tomorrow， I would tell her about the matter. ____

4. If everyone in the country knew first aid， many lives should be saved. ____

1. 我看不出这两支笔有什么不同。它们看上去完全一样。

2. 问题是我们应当依靠谁。

3. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。

4. 我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Dear Wang Yang，

Thanks for your nice letter！

After I had spent a month with my English family， I slowly began to understand their English a little better. 1 Students in my group are from different cities of Britain and their dialects are different too！ Some of their accents are quite strong and they also have their own words and expressions.

2 Before I came to England I had thought that fish and chips were eaten every day. Thats quite wrong！ I get rather annoyed now when I hear all the foolish words about typical English food.

I had expected to see “London fog”. 3 We had no idea that most of this “thick fog” disappeared many years ago when people stopped using coal in their homes. But the idea to speak about weather was very helpful. 4 On the other hand， habits are different. People tell me what is typical British here in London is not always typical in Wales or Scotland. Local habits and traditions are not the same as what we knew.

5 Probably Britain has more living signs of its past than many other countries. And people have always been proud of having ancient buildings in capitals， big cities and the countryside.

I will tell you more about Britain in my other letters.

Love from Britain，

Li Xia

A. The family I live with are friendly.

B. Do you remember our texts about it？

C. The weather in London is really changeable.

D. Its very different from what I learned at school.

E. I have difficulty in understanding my classmates.

F. But its not the language thats different and surprising.

G. But what is ordinary for all British is that they follow

traditions.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Do you like travelling？ Staying 1 （health） while travelling can help to ensure that 2 （you） trip is a happy and enjoyable one. If you are travelling abroad， here are some tips for you to make your trip much 3 （easy）：

Make sure you have got a passport. Also， 4 you go， fill in the emergency information page of your passport！ Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport 5 （steal）. Leave one copy at home with your family. Carry the other 6 you in a separate place from your passport.

Read the Travel Warnings for the countries you plan 7

（visit）. Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to 8 you are travelling.

Leave a copy of your itinerary （旅行日程） with your family at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency.

Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not carry too much money or 9 （necessary） credit cards. If we make enough 10 （prepare）， we will succeed. Have a good time！

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟踪导练（四）

A

In a mountainous area of Brazil， there is a kind of beautiful butterfly which can kill men. If people meet them， they will come down in great quantities to bite and kill， sucking （吸） blood and eating flesh through the wounds they cause.

In June， 1966， a boy named Marl Andre who went into the mountains in search of butterfly specimens （标本） was killed by these butterflies. A country boy saw him as he was just about to raise his net to catch a butterfly. Suddenly thousands of butterflies came down upon him， covering him all over. The boy struggled and cried as he tried to free himself from their attack. Finally he fell senseless to the ground. Police examined his body and proved that he had died of bites by butterflies.

In New Guinea， there is a kind of needlefish which also kills men. Because it likes light at night， it will swim near the lights of fishing boats， then suddenly shoot out of water like an arrow to its target， and force its 3-inch sharp mouth into a human body. Often people are thrust （戳） in the eye， or through the chest or stomach， resulting in death. Sometimes it will even attack the people in a fishing boat in broad daylight.

About 10 persons in the world are killed by sharks every year， yet more than 20 are killed by needlefish every month.

1. Marl Andre was killed when he ___ .

A. raised a net B. went to Brazil

C. entered the mountains D. tried to catch a butterfly

2. Needlefish comes out ___ .

A. sometimes at night

B. usually in the daytime

C. both at night and in the daytime

D. only when boats appear at night

3. According to the story， each year needlefish kills ___ .

A. twice more men than sharks do

B. fewer men than sharks do

C. 24 times more men than sharks do

D. about 10 more men than sharks do

4. Whats the best title of the passage？

A. Killer Butterflies and Needlefish

B. New Guinea—Not Fit to Live In

C. Brazil Home of Dangerous Butterflies

D. Deaths Caused by Butterflies and Needlefish

B

Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska， Canada and Siberia warm the climate， scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.

This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release （释放） of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past ten years. Scientists predict that with climate warming， fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming， while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.

This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus catch heat.

Scientists found that right after the fire， large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone （臭氧） levels increased， and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice， darkening the surface and causing more radiation （辐射） from the sun to be taken in. The following spring， however， the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire， because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space， leading to cooling.

“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire， and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically， fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists， however， found that when fire occurs more frequently， more radiation is lost from the earth and leads to cooling results. Specifically， they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated， 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases， but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is got or lost from the earth.

5. According to the new findings， taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ___ .

A. result in a warming climate

B. lead to a longer fire season

C. protect the forests and the environment there

D. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently

6. Earlier studies about northern forest fires ___ .

A. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere

B. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming

C. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate

D. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment

7. The underlined phrase “soaked up” probably means “___” .

A. released B. absorbed

C. created D. distributed

8. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska， Canada and Siberia may ___ .

A. warm the climate as the supposition goes

B. help to get more energy rather than release more energy

C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice

D. allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。每空一词，有两个词是多余的。

absorb accompany analyse arise compulsory

contradictory control eccentric suspect violence

1. English is the only one ____ foreign language on the school curriculum.

2. The official statistics have to be ____ with care.

3. The old lady has some ____ habits.

4. The salesman had been ____ to the meeting by an assistant.

5. When the fire got out of ____ ， the captain told the sailors to abandon the ship.

6. Everything on the earth ____ heat from the sun directly or indirectly.

7. Strong wind ____ and blew our boat onto the rock.

8. It is not about ____ but about how television gives children a false sense of reality.

下列各句每句有1个错误，请标出并改正在右边横线上。

1. Did you absorb in everything the professer said in the class？ ____

2. Most accidents often arise in drivers carelessness. ____

3. To understand the grammar of a sentence， you must break it down by parts. ____

4. They shouldnt have any difficulty at finding the house. ____

1. 飞机失控，坠入了大海。

2. 总之他已经死了。没有人能使他复活。

3. 就我们所知，他们将在九点钟到达。

4. 温度升高时，肉就会开始分解。

It was a sleepy Monday morning in the teachers office. The old copy machine made a series of short noisy sounds. Its 1 rhythm （节奏） only seemed to put everyone deeper into “Monday morning mode （模式）”.

Then， Jackie walked happily into the room， clapping her hands 2 three times. “Okay， wake up， you guys. Its Monday！ Lets hear some pep talks （鼓舞士气的讲话）！” Her 3 voice raised heads and opened eyes. Even the office assistant who was almost asleep at the copy machine 4 .

Maybe it was because Jackie always had a smile and said something 5 that made people happy. Whatever the magic was， she suddenly 6 the room completely on that sleepy Monday morning.

New conversations mysteriously 7 . My colleague and I， who were only 8 the school to give a lecture， got up and 9 ourselves to Jackie.

I soon found out that Jackie was 10 respected for her work and enthusiasm. When it came to her class， 11 was too good 12 her kids. She always made other people feel 13 — even on days when she was not 14 well.

You would never hear Jackie 15 or speak in a negative manner about others. She would always look for and 16 the best within other people. People liked to be around her because her respect for other people was 17 .

Jackie knew that what people wanted from her was simply for her to be herself， someone who 18 her students. However， Jackie was more than a 19 . She was a great model who could 20 a room and make smiles break loose， even on sleepy Monday mornings.

1. A. quick B. dull C. normal D. exciting

2. A. angrily B. rapidly C. gently D. weakly

3. A. depressing B. anxious C. enthusiastic D. relaxing

4. A. set up B. gave up C. looked up D. went up

5. A. serious B. terrible C. incredible D. pleasant

6. A. changed B. left C. shook D. influenced

7. A. worked B. began C. continued D. stopped

8. A. leaving B. building C. guarding D. visiting

9. A. interviewed B. introduced C. educated D. connected

10. A. badly B. well C. hardly D. probably

11. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something

12. A. at B. to C. for D. of

13. A. nervous B. special C. disappointed D. depressed

14. A. doing B. teaching C. performing D. feeling

15. A. shout B. complain C. talk D. sing

16. A. hope B. have C. find D. like

17. A. believable B. true C. exceptional D. obvious

18. A. ran after B. cared about C. thought of D. turned down

19. A. teacher B. mother C. woman D. friend

20. A. clean B. find C. brighten D. make

假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信想知道在中国怎样的学生才算是一个好学生。请从以下几方面给他回信，谈谈你的看法。

1. 学习方面；

2. 与父母关系方面；

3. 身体方面；

4. 生活态度方面。

词数：100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。

Dear Tom，

How is it going with you？ Im writing to tell you what a good student should be like in China.

Best wishes.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

克隆宠物

Is animal cloning for real？ I want to have my dog cloned.

Well， animal cloning technology exists， but pet cloning isnt quite there yet. And it may never be.

Why not？ I could think lots of people could want to have copies of their pets.

Thats just a problem： a clone isnt a copy. Its a separate， individual organism. The only thing clone of Mr. Dogs and Mr. Dogs of themselves have in common is their genetic sequence.

The only thing？ Isnt that everything？

Apparently not！ As cloning technology has improved， more and more evidence has come out of clones that dont look alike or act alike. For example， Ted Friend and Greg Archer， both at Texas A& M， have cloned piglets.

They report that there is just as much variation in appearance among the clones as among the non-clones. Some have bristly coats， others not； some have more teeth， some fewer.

But wouldnt a clone at least have its charming personality？

Maybe. The worlds first cloned cat was made by Duane Kraemer， also at Texas A & M. He reports that the clone has a different personality altogether than its clone mother–its much more friendly， in fact.

动物真的可以克隆吗？我想克隆我的狗。

动物克隆确实存在，但是，宠物克隆现在还没有，估计以后也不会有。

为什么不呢？我觉得有不少人想克隆宠物吧？

因为你得考虑这样一个问题：克隆并非复制。克隆者是一个独立的生物个体。狗狗先生的克隆产物和它本身唯一的共同点在于基因序列。

只是基因序列吗？不是所有的都相同？

当然不是！随着克隆科技的不断发展，越来越多的证据显示克隆并非看起来一样或行为一样。比如，得州农工大学的Ted Friend 和Greg Archer教授克隆了一批小猪。

报告显示克隆猪和正常繁殖的猪并无二致，都存在生物变异。有的鬃毛较多，有的没有鬃毛。有的牙齿更多，有的牙齿更少。

克隆的宠物至少保留了讨人喜欢的个性吧？

可能会哦！同是得州农工大学的Duane Kraemer研究出了世界上第一只克隆猫。克隆猫的性情和原来那只猫的性情大不同——友善了不少。