徐建中 杨红韬 孙乙铭 俞旭平 王志安 罗页思

摘要：目的 比较研究各益母草种质资源的差异性，为品种选育提供优良育种材料。方法 将收集自全国不同产地的20个野生益母草种质资源在浙江衢州进行同质园试验，观察其物候期、耐寒性及生境适宜性；测定初花期株高、鲜重和干重，并分别测定初花期和反季节栽培的益母草植株中盐酸水苏碱和盐酸益母草碱含量。结果 综合各种质对浙江生境的适应性、初花期药材干产量及其中的盐酸水苏碱和盐酸益母草碱成分含量、反季节栽培益母草植株中上述2种成分的含量水平，河南灵宝、河南社旗和湖南桂东3个种质较好，其中以河南灵宝种质最佳，其初花期药材干产量（30.6 g/株）、初花期植株中盐酸水苏碱和盐酸益母草碱含量（分别为1.31%和0.19%）及反季节栽培植株中有效成分盐酸水苏碱和盐酸益母草碱含量（分别为3.44%和0.37%）均较高，且能适应在浙江种植。结论 河南灵宝种源可以作为品种选育的最佳候选材料。

关键词：益母草；种质；评价；盐酸水苏碱；盐酸益母草碱

中图分类号：R282 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304（2016）05-0078-05

Research on Evaluation of Different Germplasm of Leonurus japonicus XU Jian-zhong1，2， YANG Hong-tao3， SUN Yi-ming2， YU Xu-ping2， WANG ZHi-an2， LUO Ye-si1 （1. Zhejiang Chinese Medical University， Hangzhou 310053， China； 2. Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Hangzhou 310023， China； 3. Hangzhou Huadong Chinese Herbs Pieces Co.Ltd.， Hangzhou 311301， China）

Abstract： Objective To study the difference of Leonurus japonicus germplasm resources and provide good materials for breeding. Methods Totally 20 wild Leonurus japonicus germplasm resources from different places of China were collected. Experiment was conducted in homogeneous garden in Quzhou City of Zhejiang Province. Phenological phase， cold endurance and habitat adaptability were observed； the plant height， fresh weight and dry weight in early flowering were measured； the contents of stachydrine hydrochloride and leonurine hydrochloride were determined in early flowering and out-of-season cultivation. Results Considering the habitat adaptability， dry plant weight in early flowering， the contents of stachydrine hydrochloride and leonurine hydrochloride separately in early flowering and out-of-season cultivation， it was believed that the germplasms from Linbao County， Sheqi County in Henan Province and Guidong County in Hunan Province were better， in which Linbao germplasm was the best： the dry plant weight was 30.6 g， the content of stachydrine hydrochloride and leonurine hydrochloride were 1.31% and 0.19% respectively in early flowering， and were 3.44% and 0.37% respectively under anti-season cultivation， and it can be well adapted in Zhejiang Province. Conclusion The germplasm of Leonurus japonicas from Lingbao can be the best materials for breeding.

Key words： Leonurus japonicas； germplasm； evaluate； stachydrine hydrochloride； leonurine hydrochloride

益母草Leonurus japonicus Houtt.为唇形科一年

生或二年生草本植物，为妇产科要药，具有调经、行血生血、祛瘀、消水、安胎等功效。益母草含生物碱类、挥发油、二萜类、苯丙醇苷、环形多肽等，具有活血调经、利尿消肿、清热解毒等功效，主要用于治疗月经不调、经闭、产后瘀痛、瘀血腹痛、跌打损伤、小便不利、水肿和痈肿疮疡等[1]，近年来还用于治疗冠心病、急性脑梗死等血栓类疾病[2]。……