叶虎　宁辉　田彦民　杨猛　杨文森

(1.清华大学工程物理系,北京 100084;

2.西北核技术研究所 高功率微波技术重点实验室,西安 710024)



基于压力传感器的脉冲微波量热计

叶虎1,2宁辉2田彦民2杨猛2杨文森2

(1.清华大学工程物理系,北京 100084;

2.西北核技术研究所 高功率微波技术重点实验室,西安 710024)

摘要设计了一种基于固定体积液体吸收微波能量后温度升高、压力增大原理的脉冲微波量热计.采用纯水作为吸收介质,压阻传感器作为传感装置,具有对液体热学性能参数要求低、量程大和灵敏度高的优点.实验结果表明:该型量热计的能量分辨率为0.5 J,量程大于180 J,证明了该方法用于大功率脉冲微波能量测量的可行性.同时,在对吸收腔体表面的场分布进行优化设计后,也可用于高功率微波能量测量,为用于高功率微波能量测量的量热计设计提供了一种新的技术思路.

关键词脉冲微波能量;量热计;压力传感器;高功率微波

DOI10.13443/j.cjors.2015032301

Pulsed microwave calorimeter with pressure sensor

YE Hu1,2NING Hui2TIAN Yanmin2YANG Meng2YANG Wensen2

(1.DepartmentofEngineeringPhysics,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China;2.ScienceandTechnologyonHighPowerMicrowaveLaboratory,NorthwestInstituteofNuclearTechnology,Xi’an710024,China)

Abstract Based on measuring the pressure increment of liquid that results from heating by the absorbed microwave energy, a calorimeter with pressure sensor is designed. Pure water is used as the absorbing material. The calorimeter has advantages of less requirements on the thermodynamic parameters of liquid, wide measurement range and high sensitivity. The experimental results indicate that the calorimeter can be used to measure pulsed microwave energy, and the energy resolution and measurement range of which are 0.5 J and 180 J, respectively. Meanwhile, with careful electromagnetic simulation of calorimeter cavity, the calorimeter can also be used to measure the high power microwave energy.

Keywords pulsed microwave energy; calorimeter; pressure sensor; high power microwave

引言

高功率微波源的微波功率测量主要有三种方法:在线耦合探针、辐射远场功率密度积分和量热计测量[1-2].量热计法属于阻挡式测量,具有测量直接、测量不确定度相对较小和对器件工作重复性没有要求以及模式对测量不确定度影响较小等特点[3].随着技术的发展,它正成为评估高功率微波器件产生功率和能量的主要方法.量热计主要由装有吸收介质的能量吸收腔体和传感器两部分组成,常见的传感器通过测量吸收介质的体积……