姚艺龙，吴立志，唐　乐，成　波，沈瑞琪，叶迎华，胡　艳，朱　朋

(南京理工大学化工学院，江苏南京210094)



纳米CL-20炸药含能墨水的直写规律

姚艺龙，吴立志，唐乐，成波，沈瑞琪，叶迎华，胡艳，朱朋

(南京理工大学化工学院，江苏南京210094)

摘要：针对MEMS引信中微传爆序列，基于直写技术，研究了由纳米CL-20炸药、黏结剂体系(包括黏结剂和溶剂)和其他添加剂组成的CL-20炸药墨水的直写特性，并制备了3种含能墨水。分析了直写压力、针头直径、直写高度和墨水黏度等因素对直写过程的影响规律。结果表明，随墨水黏度增大，直写线宽减小且减小幅度增大，但黏度过度偏大时，会影响直写线宽的均匀性，配方I在喷头高度为0.50mm和0.75mm时，以及配方III在喷头高度为0.75mm时，均出现了线宽不均的现象；配方II直写线宽稳定更适合直写装药。随着喷管压力的增大，CL-20油墨的打印线宽明显增加，且对于不同针头直径和不同配方墨水压力大小变化相同，线宽的增幅基本相同，当压力由100kPa增加到200kPa，线宽增大约2.5倍。随着喷头内径的增大，油墨的直写线宽明显增大，且线宽增加的幅度越来越大。随着喷头高度的增大，油墨的直写线宽减小。对于直写线宽大于1285μm的墨水线条，固化后墨水表面均出现气泡，直写时应控制线宽，防止在直写过程中空气进入墨水。

关键词：含能墨水；直写技术；MEMS微起爆器；直写线宽；CL-20

CLC number：TJ55Document Code：AArticle ID：1007-7812(2016)01-0043-05

Direct Writing Rule of Nano CL-20 Explosive Energetic Ink

YAO Yi-long，WU Li-zhi，TANG Yue，CHENG Bo，SHEN Rui-qi，YE Ying-hua，HU Yan，ZHU Peng

(School of Chemical Engeering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

Abstract:Aiming at the micro-detonation sequence of MEMS initiators, the direct writing characteristics of CL-20 explosive ink composed of nano CL-20 explosive, binder system (including the binder and the solvent) and other additives based on the direct writing technique were studied. Three kinds of energetic inks were prepared. The influence rule of direct writing pressure, jet diameter, direct writing height and ink viscosity on the direct writing process was analyzed. The results show that with ink viscosity increasing, the direct writing line width reduces and the reduction amplitude increases, but when the viscosity is too high, it will affects the uniformity of line width. The uneven phenomenon of line width appears at nozzle height of 0.50mm or 0.75mm for formula I and nozzle height of 0.75mm for formula III. Formula II with stable direct writing line width is suitable for direct writing charge. Printing line width of CL-20 ink increases significantly when the pressure in nozzle increases. With increasing the pressure from 100kPa to 200kPa, the line width increases by about 2.5 times. With increasing the inner diameter of nozzle, the direct writing line width increases obviously and the increase amplitude is more and more. The direct writing line width of ink reduces with the nozzle height increases. When direct writing line width is more than 1285μm, air bubbles form when ink solidifies. Therefore, line width in the direct writing process should be controlled to avoid the air into the ink. In order to maximize density specific impulse of the Al/AP bipropellant powder rocket engine, the fire tests on Al/AP powder rocket engine were carried out with increasing the characteristic length of combustion chamber from 2.31m to 12.62m. Combustion performances of Al/AP mixtures such as ignition delay, burn time, combustion smoothness and intensity of vapor phase reaction in nitrogen under atmospheric pressure were studied by using spectrometer, CCD camera and CO2laser igniter. Apparent packing densities of samples were measured. As an alternative fuel, the magnesium particles were also studied. The results show that, increasing chamber characteristic length from 2.31m to 12.62m produces smoother combustion with ±2.43% maximum amplitude of chamber pressure oscillation. Flame of Al/AP mixture with 1μm Al particles is much more luminous than that with 10μm Al particles. And the continuous emission signal intensity of Al/AP mixture with 1μm Al particles at 568nm exceeds the upper limit (65000 counts) of the spectrometer, rather than Al/AP mixture with 10μm Al particles with continuous intervals among combustion process and lower emission signal intensity at 568nm of below 19036 counts. Ignition delay and burn time of 10μm Al particles are 3.65 times and 3.03 times as 1μm Al particles, respectively. But the maximum RAlOand packing density are 14.3% and 21.3% less than 1μm Al powder, showing that smaller Al particles have better combustion performance but lower packing density. Although the theoretical specific impulse of the Mg/AP propellant is 95.6% of the Al/AP, its bulk density is 8% higher than 1μm Al powder, and the ignition delay is 90.3% shorter than 10μm particles. Flame images also show that magnesium can largely reduce the condensed phase deposition.

Keywords:energetic ink; direct writing technology; MEMS micro-initiator; line width of direct writing; CL-20 analytical chemistry; emission spectroscopy; combustion characteristics; laser ignition; metal particle

引言

直写技术(Direct Writing)概念源于美国国防高级研究计划局DARPA直写引信预研究项目。1979年，美国国防部先进研究项目局在直写引信预先项目中提出了直写入引信技术[1-4]。……