王文采

(中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室，北京100093 )



中国赤车属新分类

王文采

(中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室，北京100093 )

摘要:( 1)根据该文中赤车属与楼梯草属各种形态学的区别，认为赤车属较为原始，在楼梯草属之前自冷水花属衍生而出。( 2)将赤车属划分为5组;将C．B．Robinson描述的Elatostemoides属降为组级群，作为赤车属中接近原始群全缘赤车组sect．Pileoides的一个组处理，此外还描述了一个与sect．Elatostemoides近缘的1新组，羽脉赤车组sect．Leiolaena，并根据叶、叶的脉序、雌花序、雌花被片和瘦果等器官的演化趋势给出显示赤车属属下诸群间亲缘关系的系统发育树。( 3)对中国赤车属的属下分类群进行了修订，共承认32种1亚种7变种，给出检索表、描述及多幅插图，并将它们划分为4组、2亚组和9系，其中除sect．Leiolaena之外，还新描述了2亚组、5系、2种和3变种;在2003年被归并为同物异名的长柄赤车、曲毛赤车、波缘赤车、小赤车和富宁赤车的种级地位得到恢复。此外，还写出了中国赤车属的分类学简史和地理分布。

关键词:荨麻科，赤车属，分类学修订，中国

王文采．中国赤车属新分类［J］．广西植物，2016，36( 1) : 1－29

WANG WT．Nova classification specierum sinensium Pellioniae ( Urticaceae)［J］．Guihaia，2016，36( 1) : 1－29

Nova classification specierum sinensium Pellioniae( Urticaceae)

WANG Wen-Tsai

( State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany，Institute of Botany，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100093，China )

Abstract:( 1) According to the various morphological differences between the two genera，Pellionia and Elatostema，enumerated in the present paper，the genus Pellionis is considered more primitive and to be derived from the genus Pilea before the genus Elatostema．( 2) The genus Pellionia is subdivided into five sections．The genus Elatostemoides described by C．B．Robinson is relegated to sectional rank and treated as a section under Pellionia near its primitive group，sect．Pileoides．Besides，a new section related to sect．Elatostemoides，sect．Leiolaena，is described．On the basis of the evolutionary trends of the leaves，leaf nervation，pistillate inflorescences，pistillate tepals and achenes a putative phylogenetic tree showing the relationships among the infrageneric groups of the genus Pellionia is provided．( 3) The infrageneric taxa of Pellionia in China are revised．Thirty-two species，one subspecies and seven varieties are recognized．They are keyed，described and in most cases illutrated，and are classified into four sections，two subsections，and nine series．Of them，except for sect．Leiolaena just mentioned above，two subsections，five series，two species and three varieties are described as new．The specific statuses of Pellionia tsoongii，P．crispulihirtella，P．subundulata，P．minima and P．funingensis，which were reduced into synonymy in 2003，are reinstated here．Besides，the brief taxonomic history and geographical distribution of the genus Pillionia in China are given． Carex sect. Infossae S. W. Su was recently described from Anhui and Jiangsu provinces of East China，

Key words:Urticaceae，Pellionia，taxonomic revision，China Carex sect. Infossae，scanning electron microscopy，morphological character，new synonym，China

1　植物分类学简史

1790年，葡萄牙植物学家J．Loureiro在其编著的“Flora Cochinchinensis”中根据分布于我国和中南半岛的Polychroa repens Lour．建立了荨麻科新属Polychroa Lour．，遗憾的是此新属自当时一直到20世纪初都遭到国际植物学界的忽视，最后竟沦为一同物异名( synonym，见下)。1830年，法国植物学家C．Gaudichaud-Beaupré建立了荨麻科新属Pellionia Gaudich．(赤车属)，其命名模式为P．elatostemoides Gaudich．( Hutchinson，1967)，此属名在19世纪中得到广泛接受和应用，因此被列入1905年《国际植物学命名法规》规定建立的nomina generica conservanda(保留属名)名录中，因此比其早40年发表的Polychroa成为其同物异名。……