低压配电系统多层级网络选择性协调保护机制技术
2016-03-21苏尚流缪希仁吴立敏福州大学电气工程与自动化学院福州3506嘉兴供电公司浙江嘉兴34400
苏尚流 缪希仁 吴立敏(. 福州大学电气工程与自动化学院,福州 3506;. 嘉兴供电公司,浙江 嘉兴 34400)
低压配电系统多层级网络选择性协调保护机制技术
苏尚流1缪希仁1吴立敏2
(1. 福州大学电气工程与自动化学院,福州350116;2. 嘉兴供电公司,浙江 嘉兴314400)
摘要针对现阶段低压系统短路故障选择性保护的局限性,分析短路故障早期检测及其峰值预测在选择性保护的重要意义,提出低压系统多层级网络全范围选择性协调保护机制技术,阐述实现低压系统多层级网络选择性协调保护的关键点。通过仿真分析,探讨了多层级网络中各个节点与中控CPU的协调保护机制及其可行性,并提出采用高速晶振同步采样和基于光纤信道的高速SPI通信技术解决多层级网络多节点同步采样误差问题和多节点与中控CPU高速通信问题。
关键词:低压系统;多层级选择性保护;早期检测;同步采样;高速通信
Mechanism Technology of Coordinated Selective Protection in a Multi-level Low Voltage Distribution System
Su Shangliu1Miao Xiren1Wu Limin2
(1. College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University ,Fuzhou350116; 2. Power Supply Company in Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang314400)
Abstract Considering the limitations of short-circuit selective protection in low-voltage system, a technology of protective and coordinated mechanism in a multi-level low voltage distribution system is propound ,after analyzing the significance of early detection and peak prediction for short-circuit current in selective protection, key techniques to realize above technology are expound as well. By simulating and analyzing, the specific protection mechanism, in which multi-level network nodes and center control CPU is coordinated, and feasibility are discussed. To solve sampling synchronous error with many nodes in multi-level network and the problem of high speed communication of center control CPU, sampling synchronous using high speed external crystal and SPI communication technology which is based on optical fiber are proposed.
Keywords:low voltage system; selective protection in multi-level network; early detection; sampling synchronous; high speed communication
短路故障是低压配电系统最主要的故障之一,传统的低压配电系统短路电流保护采用过电流三段式保护,依据时间-选择性原则,通过设定上下级断路器不同的整定电流、延迟时间来实现选择性保护。这种保护技术相对成熟,但断路器判断短路故障需要满足全电流大于整定值的条件,短路故障判别时间长,且未考虑配电层级较多时存在延迟时间逐级累加的问题。此外,当下级断路器负载侧的短路电流大于上级断路器的短延迟整定值,并达到瞬动电流时,就可能出现这两个层级的断路器同时跳闸甚至越级跳闸的情况,使配电系统故障范围扩大。……
