董婵婵　桂志国　张　权　郝慧艳　张　芳　刘　祎　孙未雅

(中北大学信息与通讯工程学院　山西 太原 030051)



基于ROAD和小波收缩的MLEM低剂量CT重建算法

董婵婵桂志国张权郝慧艳张芳刘祎孙未雅

(中北大学信息与通讯工程学院山西 太原 030051)

摘要针对低剂量CT (Computed Tomography)重建图像质量退化的问题，提出一种基于小波收缩和绝对差值排序各项异性扩散的MLEM(Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization)低剂量CT重建算法。算法在每次迭代中首先采用MLEM算法对低剂量CT投影数据进行重建。由于各项异性扩散对噪声敏感，所以算法先对重建后的图像进行小波变换，再在更稳定的低频小波域进行基于绝对差值排序的各项异性扩散处理，对小波高频系数进行软阈值降噪处理。然后将降噪处理后的系数进行小波反变换，得到降噪后的图像。最后使用中值滤波对图像进行处理，从而消除脉冲噪声点。实验结果表明，与其他几种常用重建算法相比，该算法重建的图像信噪比更高，归一化均方误差更小，处理后的图像更清晰，即可以在抑制噪声的同时，较好地保持图像的边缘和细节信息。

关键词低剂量CT小波变换图像重建绝对差值排序各向异性扩散

MLEM LOW-DOSE CT RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHM BASED ON ROAD AND WAVELET SHRINKAGE

Dong ChanchanGui ZhiguoZhang QuanHao HuiyanZhang FangLiu YiSun Weiya

(School of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China)

AbstractConcerning the problem of quality degradation of low-dose CT reconstruction images, we presented an MLEM low-dose CT reconstruction method which is based on wavelet shrinkage and rank-ordered absolute differences anisotropic diffusion. In each time of iteration, the algorithm first uses MLEM to reconstruct the low-dose projection data. Since the anisotropic diffusion is sensitive to noises, so the algorithm performs wavelet transform on the reconstructed image prior to conducting anisotropic diffusion processing based on rank-ordered absolute differences in more stable low-frequency wavelet domain and then carries out the soft threshold denoising processing on high-frequency coefficient of wavelet. After that the algorithm performs inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT) on the coefficients with denoising treatment and obtains the denoised images. Finally it uses median filter to process the image so as to eliminate the impulse noise points. Experimental results showed that compared with some other common reconstruction algorithms, the image reconstructed by the proposed one had higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and smaller normalised mean square error, the processed image with the proposed algorithm were much clear, i.e., it could well preserve edges and details information of image while suppressing the noise.

KeywordsLow-dose computed tomography (CT)Wavelet transformImage reconstructionRank-ordered absolute differences (ROAD)Anisotropic diffusion

0引言

计算机断层成像术CT技术在疾病预防、临床诊断中发挥了巨大的作用[1]。然而，因其较高的辐射剂量会对人体造成一定的伤害，所以在扫描时应尽可能地降低射线剂量，即采用低剂量CT成像技术[2]。低剂量CT可减少对受检者的放射危害，然而当剂量降低时，由于穿过人体抵达探测器的光子数目过少，投影数据会被随机噪声严重污染，导致重建得到的图像质量退化明显，重建图像中可见明显的条状伪迹。……