Research on the Height Difference Measurement and Piston Gauges

李海兵　塔伊尔·斯拉甫力　卓　华

(新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院，新疆 乌鲁木齐　830011)



活塞式压力计和高度差测量的研究

Research on the Height Difference Measurement and Piston Gauges

李海兵塔伊尔·斯拉甫力卓华

(新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院，新疆 乌鲁木齐830011)

摘要：活塞式压力计是压力计量领域使用最广泛的标准器。以活塞式压力计为标准器时，其与被测压力类仪表的高度差是重要的影响量。考虑测量高度差时需要测量活塞的下端面，对不同构造(规则圆柱体或具有限位装置和空心结构的不规则体)的活塞进行分析，提出了测量原理、方法和过程。分别对油介质和气介质的活塞式压力计进行计算，结果显示油介质活塞式压力计未进行高度差修正时对测量结果影响较大，而气介质活塞式压力计对高度差的影响较小。

关键词：压力测量传感器变送器误差精度仪器仪表信号传输校准

Abstract：The piston gauge is the most widely used standard device in pressure metrological region.When piston gauge is used as the standard device,the height difference between the gauge and the measured pressure instrument is an important influence quantity.Due to measuring the lower end surface of the piston gauge is requested when the height difference being measured,the pistons gauges with difference structure (regular cylinder structure or irregular style with limit or hollow structure) are analyzed,the measuring principle,method and procedures are proposed.Through calculating for the piston gauges with oil medium and gas medium respectively,it is found that the measurement result of the oil medium piston gauge is greatly influenced when the height difference has not been corrected,while the gas medium piston gauge is less influenced by the height difference.

Keywords:PressureMeasurementSensorTransmitterErrorPrecisionInstrumentationSignal transmissionCalibration

0引言

活塞式压力计以其较高的准确度、较好的长期稳定性，成为压力真空计量领域使用广泛的标准器。活塞有效面积的测量方法分为起始平衡法和直接平衡法。使用直接平衡法时，需要准确测量高度差。对于高度差的测量，最重要的问题是准确确定活塞参考面，选择尽量准确的测量方法来测量参考面的高度[1-6]。无论活塞式压力计的工作介质是气体或液体，气柱或液柱高度差在重力作用下引起的测量误差都不容忽视，必须进行测量。首先必须确定一个参考位置，如活塞为圆柱体，则可选定活塞的下端面为参考面[7-8]。……