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[摘要] 目的 了解黑米矢车菊色素对自发性糖尿病（GK）大鼠代谢及肾损伤的影响。 方法 将25周龄雄性GK大鼠随机分为两组，每组12只，矢车菊组用10%葡萄糖的矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖苷溶液（600 mg/L）饲喂8周，对照组只饲喂10%葡萄糖溶液。每天测摄食量，每周测体重、血糖、血脂、血胆固醇等指标。8周后处死全部大鼠，取血测糖化血红蛋白、肾脏器指数，观察肾病理损伤程度。 结果 矢车菊组GK大鼠的摄食量、体重、血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、肾脏器指数较对照组均降低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。矢车菊组肾脏病理损伤较对照组明显减轻。 结论 矢车菊色素可通过降低GK大鼠的摄食量、体重、血糖、血脂、糖化血红蛋白等来减轻糖尿病的进展，有预防糖尿病肾病的作用。

[关键词] 矢车菊色素；GK大鼠；2型糖尿病；糖尿病肾病

[中图分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）01（b）-0004-04

Influence of cyanidin from black rice on metabolism and kidney lesion in GK rats

DONG Bo XU Xun LIU Sheng-bing ZHOU Xin-mei

Jiaxing University，Jiaxing 314000，China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influence of cyanidin on metabolismand and kidney lesion in GK rats. Methods 24 healthy male GK rats were divided randomly into two groups.Each group got 12 GK rats.Cyanidin group was fed in 10% glucose with cyanidin-3-glucoside（600 mg/L）.The blank control group was fed in 10% glucose only.The food-intake was detected each day and the weight，fasting plasma glucose，triglyceride and cholesterol were detected each week.All GK rats were killed after 8 weeks.The GHbA1c，kidney weight index and the degree of renal pathological injury was observed respectively. Results The food-intake，weight，plasma glucose，GHbA1c，triglyceride，cholesterol and kidney weight index in cyanidin group was lower than that of the blank control group respectively（P<0.05）.The kidney pathological lesion in cyanidin group was significantly decreased too. Conclusion Cyanidin has benefitto diabetes mellitus through reduced the food-intake，weight，plasma glucose，GHbA1c，triglyceride and cholesterol.Senile diabetic nephropathy can also be prevented through cyanidin-3-glucoside.

[Key words] Cyanidin；GK rats；Type-2 diabetes mellitus；Diabetic nephropathy

我国糖尿病患者数量庞大，已成为当前我国非传染性慢性疾病中的主要疾病[1]，其中90%以上是2型糖尿病[2]。人类2型糖尿病是由遗传与环境因素共同作用而形成的多基因遗传性复杂疾病，目前无较好的防治方法。糖尿病肾病是糖尿病患者最重要的合并症之一。其复杂的代谢紊乱，一旦发展到终末期肾脏病，常较其他肾脏疾病的治疗更为困难，因此及时防治和延缓糖尿病肾病的意义重大。GK大鼠是一种自发性2型糖尿病模型，1973年在日本仙台由Goto等人通过选择糖耐量处于上限的Wistar大鼠近交繁殖重复数代而来[3]，具有血糖轻度升高、葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌能力受损、胰腺β细胞团块量减少等特点[4]，是研究糖尿病发生、发展及合并症出现的良好动物模型[5]。矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖苷（cyanidin-3-glucoside）是从黑米中提取出来的主要色素成分，是黑米花色苷（anthocyanin）营养保健作用的主体成分，具有水溶性、无毒、无过敏性等特性。……