赵　寅

南昌市外国语学校，江西　南昌　330025

中西方文学作品中女性主义对比研究

——以牡丹亭和威尼斯商人为例

赵寅

南昌市外国语学校，江西南昌330025

Shakespeare and Tang Xianzu are the best-known drama writers in the world.Even though they were far away from each other，it is still obvious to find many significant common places in their works as they both lived in 1500s.Both of them were in social transformation period and had lots of concern about common civilian’s life.Their masterpiece reflects the light of humanism under the specific social atmosphere.Feminism，as one of the most important parts of humanism got much highlight on it.However，because of the differences between culture，finance，trend of thought and politics，the feminism in their works has some in common while there are also many different traits.

The past works of contrastive study of feminism are mostly limited to general impression of Feminism of both Chinese and western side did only crude analysis of these two books without Feminism Criticism theories.But through specific and scientific analysis of the two reprehensive books from Chinese and western side written by the two most significant writers from about the same time，we may get a deeper understanding toward Feminism in both Chinese and western sides also conclude the reasonable direction of Feminism’s development.The present writer will focus the discussion on the analysis of Feminism in literature including analysis of the two books and the comparison of Feminism in these two books.It is believed that people may get more information about the humanism，more specifically Feminism in the two great philosophers and thinkers of Eastern and Western and inspire people to get aware of the need to protect human right and create a society of more even and justice.

In the time when Shakespeare and Tang lived，the situation in economy，politics，social value and culture is not very alike even though they shared many similarities.

In economic aspect，the economy in the Great Britain at that time was more open and strong than it was in China.In Britain，the British ships won the fight with Spanish Armada.This made international trades from Britain possible.This huge opportunity encouraged the Movement of Enclosures.This also encouraged the who economy had more handicraft industry than agricultural.The whole economy stimulated the new bourgeois strong and powerful.However，in China，the economy was not open.Nearly no international trades ever started.Moreover，the government did not support nor encourage the second industry.It led to the result of the bourgeois never really flourished.Since the economy is the basis of everything else in the society，many other things differed between the Great Britain and China at that time.

In politics，the government in the Great Britain just started from Elizabeth.Therefore，the completely political situation was not too severe which was beneficial for the drama’s free creating.However，in China，the government had control over a culture creating in case they have repellent ideas against the nation.This made the drama writers more cautious when they try to convey the idea of humanity.This is also one of the reasons of why Tang’s works have more compromises when it comes to the core issue.

Shakespeare and Tang are all rewarded to be the greatest drama writers in Western countries and China.Their works are full of the courageous rebellion against the conservative rules and traditional societies.They both had strong wish for pure and loyal affection in the society.Humanity is what they search for；asceticism is what they fight against.Even though they have different traits in their works due to the society they live in were vary from each other.We can see it clearly；both of the great drama writers were using the female characters as important ways to convey their concern for humanity.The spirit in their books is still shining even until today which deserved to be read carefully again.

In addition，the present writer hopes it may attract more people to pay attention to the issue of Feminism and gain inspiration from the two dramas.This spirit of Feminism encourages us today for this gender-biased world still.A woman may not be just a good daughter，a good wife；but a very beginning of a family，a great worker in society，propulsion of this epoch.This is a time for women，for Feminism.Nevertheless，we also have to concede the fact that we only have Feminism and never heard of masculism because we do have inequality against female.We create the word to remind the world there is still an acute problem needs to be settled.St.Luke said，“The kingdom of God is within man.” Not in one man，not a group of men，but in all men，regardless of genders.

Abstract：As the development of social productivity and the current revolution of freethinking push forward，Feminism has become a hot issue.In order to accelerate the harmonious communication between two genders，and show reciprocal respect to each other，we should study and understand the spirit of Feminism from both Chinese and Western cultures.Understanding the differences and common places of Feminism from typical literature works can help people to catch the main value of Feminism better.The present writer discusses and analyzes the facts，histories and the social status quo，the reflected ideas of values on the premise of the studies Feminism，which should have some practical significance and social values.

Key words：Feminism；Comparative study；Culture difference；Gender equality

中图分类号：I0-03；I106.3

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1006-0049-(2016)11-0054-01