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T5代谢性疾病

2016-01-30

中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2016年10期

长效GLP-1类似物HYHN抗糖尿病药理作用评价

杨苗苗,李彩娜,白国良,王 星,申竹芳

(北京协和医学院中国医学科学院药物研究所,北京100050)

T5代谢性疾病

T5-1

长效GLP-1类似物HYHN抗糖尿病药理作用评价

杨苗苗,李彩娜,白国良,王 星,申竹芳

(北京协和医学院中国医学科学院药物研究所,北京100050)

摘要:目的评价长效GLP-1类似物HYHN的降血糖作用,分析不同给药频率对其降血糖作用的影响,初步研究其抗糖尿病相关机制。方法以正常ICR小鼠为模型,随机分为正常对照、HYHN不同剂量(2.5,5和10 mg·kg-1)组和阳性对照组。于单次皮下注射给药后不同时间,分别灌胃给予葡萄糖负荷(2 g·kg-1),考察HYHN对小鼠糖负荷后30 min血糖的降低作用及作用持续时间;另三组动物分别为正常对照组、HYHN 5 mg·kg-1qd组和HYHN 5 mg·kg-1q5d组,以糖负荷后30 min血糖为指标,比较HYHN不同给药频率的作用差异;采用小鼠NIT-1胰岛β细胞,考察HYHN对细胞活力的影响,并瞬时转染GLP-1受体通路报告基因质粒,研究其受体激活活性;用小鼠原代胰岛,考察其对胰岛素分泌的影响及其特点。结果HYHN单次给药可剂量依赖性地降低小鼠糖负荷后血糖,10 mg·kg-1在给药后第6天的降糖百分数仍可达29.2%;HYHN 5 mg·kg-1qd和q5d对小鼠糖负荷后血糖的降低作用相当(20.2%vs25.9%)。HYHN在10-9~10-6mol·L-1范围内,能够不同程度地激活GLP-1受体;在10-8~10-6mol·L-1范围内,能够浓度依赖性增加NIT-1细胞的活力。在高糖条件下(16.8 mmol·L-1),HYHN 10-8和10-6mol·L-1分别使小鼠原代胰岛分泌胰岛素的能力增加6倍以上,但对低糖条件下(2.8 mmol·L-1)的胰岛素分泌无影响。结论HYHN具有长效和明显的降血糖作用,不同给药频率的降血糖作用相当。作用机制主要与其激活GLP-1受体、促进NIT-1细胞增殖和葡萄糖依赖性地促进胰岛素分泌有关。

关键词:HYHN;降血糖作用;给药频率;胰岛素分泌

T5-2

高表达Sptlc2基因促油酸诱导的HSC-T6细胞凋亡及自噬

傅 念1*,陈 颖1*,阳学风1,刘 青1,张 文1,陈临溪2

(1.南华大学附属南华医院,湖南衡阳 421002;2.南华大学药物药理研究所,湖南衡阳 421001)

摘要:目的明确神经酰胺从头合成途径关键酶丝氨酸棕榈酰转移酶长链亚基2(Sptlc2)对肝星状细胞(HSC-T6)凋亡及自噬的影响。方法体外培养HSC-T6细胞株,分正常对照组、油酸组、空载体组、Sptlc2转染组,除正常对照组外,其余各组均采用100 μmol·L-1油酸共培养HSC-T6细胞。转染48 h后,检测各组HSC-T6细胞内Sptlc2 mRNA表达情况。流式细胞仪检测各组HSC-T6细胞凋亡情况。MDC染色法荧光显微镜下观察各组HSC-T6细胞内自噬体数量。Western blotting技术检测凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2,自噬标志蛋白LC3B,自噬相关蛋白Atg5、Beclin-1的表达情况。结果Sptlc2转染组总凋亡率明显升高,与油酸组、对照组比较差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。MDC染色示,Sptlc2转染组与油酸组、空载体组比较,自噬体数量明显增多。Sptlc2转染组凋亡相关蛋白Bax表达明显增加,凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2表达明显减少,Bax/Bcl-2比值明显变大,与油酸组、空载体组比较差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);Sptlc2转染组与油酸组、空载体组比较,自噬标志蛋白LC3B-Ⅱ表达明显增加,自噬标志蛋白LC3B-Ⅰ表达明显减少,LC3B-Ⅱ/LC3B-I比值明显变大,差异具有显著统计学意(P<0.01);同时,自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1、Atg5表达均增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论油酸可以诱导HSCT6细胞凋亡及自噬。上调神经酰胺从头合成途径关键酶Sptlc2可以促进油酸诱导的HSC-T6细胞凋亡及自噬。

关键词:Sptlc2基因;油酸;HSC-T6;细胞凋亡;自噬

*共同第一作者。

T5-3

Sirt1在高糖刺激肾小球微血管内皮细胞损伤中的作用

侯碧玉,张 莉,杜冠华

(中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药物研究所,药物靶点研究和新药筛选北京市重点实验室,北京 100050)

摘要:目的糖尿病肾病是造成糖尿病患者高致残率高死亡率的重要原因,沉默信息调节因子(Sirt1)主要参与细胞衰老、代谢、凋亡等生理和病理过程,在多种代谢性疾病中发挥了重要作用。本实验研究高糖环境对肾小球微血管内皮细胞的损伤,探索Sirt1在其中的作用。方法采用葡萄糖30 mmol·L-1损伤人源肾小球微血管内皮细胞(HRGEC)24 h,加入Sirt1激活剂或抑制剂继续作用24 h后检测细胞活力,并通过Transwell实验考查细胞通透性,ELISA方法检测细胞培养液上清中IL-6含量,采用DCFH-DA探针检测活性氧(ROS)含量,并采用高内涵方法检测线粒体膜电位变化。结果高糖作用后内皮细胞活力显著下降,相较于正常细胞下降13.51%,内皮细胞通透性增加(P<0.05)。高糖造成细胞炎症反应加强,同时线粒体膜电位显著下降(P<0.01),细胞内ROS产生增加(P<0.01)。经过高糖培养的内皮细胞Sirt1表达水平下降,高糖条件下给予HRGEC 10 μmol·L-1Sirt1激活剂白藜芦醇后可观察到细胞存活能力,内皮通透性显著改善(P<0.05),同时相较高糖刺激的细胞,其炎症水平下降(P<0.05),线粒体膜电位升高(P<0.05),而细胞内ROS含量下降。采用SIRT1抑制剂Sirtinol 10 μmol·L-1作用于高糖刺激后的细胞,上述改善作用并未出现。结论高糖引发的肾微血管损伤主要与肾小球损伤有关,高糖造成肾小球内皮细胞氧化应激增加,炎症反应增加,进而导致细胞存活能力下下降,内皮通透性增加,Sirt1能够调节内皮细胞炎症反应,抑制氧化应激,对高糖造成的肾小球微血管内皮损伤有一定的改善作用,可能作为治疗糖尿病肾病潜在的新靶点。

关键词:糖尿病肾病;微血管内皮细胞;氧化应激;炎症;SIRT1

T5-4

依帕司他对2型糖尿病大鼠肝纤维化的影响

赵月蓉1,2,侯碧玉2,柳晨歌2,王晓波1,2,管淑玉1,张 莉2,杜冠华1

(1.广东药科大学,广东广州 510006;2.中国医学科学院药物研究所药物靶点研究与新药筛选北京市重点实验室,北京100050)

摘要:目的探讨依帕司他对2型糖尿病大鼠并发肝纤维化的影响。方法采用高糖高脂饮食喂养及腹腔注射小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病SD大鼠模型。将造模成功的大鼠分为模型对照组,依帕司他组(100 mg·kg-1),另设正常对照组。灌胃给药8周,观察依帕司他对糖尿病大鼠肝纤维化的影响。结果依帕司他治疗8周,大鼠空腹血糖和血脂水平较模型组降低,肝功能指标AST,ALT分别下降了15.47%和42.95%。HE染色和Masson染色可见糖尿病大鼠肝出现脂肪变性和纤维化病变,依帕司他治疗后病变减轻。天狼星红染色表明,依帕司他组大鼠肝组织Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原纤维明显减少(P<0.5),纤维化状态得到改善。依帕司他组大鼠血清MDA,8-OHdG和AGE与模型组相比分别降低了50.59%,18.29%和27.71%,SOD活力增加了37.52%。结论依帕司他能改善2型糖尿病大鼠肝纤维化,其作用机制可能与改善氧化应激,减少糖基化终末产物的产生有关。

关键词:依帕司他;链脲佐菌素;2型糖尿病;肝纤维化

T5-5

利拉鲁肽对糖尿病大鼠肾损伤过程中MyD88蛋白表达及炎症因子的影响

江思瑜1,梁 婵1,吴晓光2,刘欢欢1

(1.承德医学院2013级麻醉本科,河北承德 067000;2.承德医学院基础研究所,河北承德 067000)

摘要:目的旨在观察利拉鲁肽对糖尿病大鼠肾损伤过程中炎症因子表达的影响,并阐明其机制,为利拉鲁肽应用于临床治疗糖尿病肾病提供参考。方法健康SD大鼠84只,随机选取21只为正常组,常规饲养。其余63只通过饲喂含高脂肪、高糖饮食,8周后ip链脲佐菌素(30 mg·kg-1)的方式进行造模,造模过程中大鼠无死亡,再随机分为模型组、利拉鲁肽组(利拉鲁肽0.10 mg·kg-1,sc)、阳性对照组(二甲双胍150 mg·kg-1,ig)。常规生化法检测大鼠尿糖、血糖、尿素氮、血肌酐、24 h尿蛋白含量。HE染色和Masson染色观察大鼠肾脏病理变化。SABC免疫组化法检测MyD88蛋白表达。ELISA试剂盒检测IL-1,IL-18和NF-κB含量。结果利拉鲁肽组所测指标:血糖、尿糖、尿素氮、血肌酐、24 h尿蛋白含量,MyD88蛋白表达,IL-1,IL-18和NF-κB含量均低于模型组(P<0.05),高于正常组(P<0.05),与阳性对照组差异不明显(P>0.05)。正常组肾小球体积正常、基膜及系膜区无明显病变,其余三组均发生肾小球变大、基膜加厚、系膜加宽等病理改变,利拉鲁肽组病理改变程度弱于模型组,与阳性对照组差异不突出。结论利拉鲁肽通过降低MyD88蛋白表达,抑制其介导的炎症信号通路激活NF-κB,减少机体IL-1和IL-18炎症因子的生成,避免糖尿病对肾的损伤。

关键词:MyD88;Ⅱ-1;IL-18;利拉鲁肽;肾损伤

T5-6

孕期炎症刺激致子代大鼠血脂异常的机制初探

曹大岩,刘 雅,李晓辉

(第三军医大学药物研究所,重庆 400038)

摘要:目的探索孕期炎症刺激对子代个体的血脂的影响及其机制。方法复制孕期炎症刺激致子代大鼠高血压的模型。子代个体出生后,每周测量体重,子代8周龄时取材。检测血脂以及肝功能指标;HE染色观察肝脏形态;透射电镜观察肝细胞亚细胞结构改变;蛋白免疫以及分析线粒体电子呼吸链复合物蛋白的表达;检测线粒体膜电位、细胞色素c氧化酶活性和ATP含量。结果孕期炎症刺激可导致子代个体血脂水平紊乱,肝功能受损。HE染色以及透射电镜结果发现孕期刺激后子代个体肝细胞凋亡,线粒体肿胀。孕期刺激后子代个体肝线粒体膜电位显著降低(P<0.01),肝ATP含量低于对照组(P<0.05),细胞色素c氧化酶活性升高(P<0.01)。WB分析线粒体电子呼吸链复合物蛋白的表达发现,孕期炎症刺激子代肝中ComplexⅠ的表达显著升高(P<0.01),ComplexⅡ的表达显著降低(P<0.01),而ComplexⅢ和ComplexⅣ的表达并没有发生改变。结论孕期炎症刺激可能通过诱导子代个体的肝的线粒体损伤来导致子代个体肝脂代谢异常。

关键词:线粒体;血脂;孕期炎症刺激

T5-7

大黄酸在中毒性肾功能损伤中的保护作用

王 雪,韩利文,何秋霞,孙 晨,王荣春,陈锡强,韩 建,刘可春

(山东省科学院生物研究所山东省生物检测技术工程实验室,山东济南 250014)

摘要:目的通过观察大黄酸在马兜铃酸A引起的斑马鱼肾脏损伤中的作用,获得大黄酸保护肾功能活性的实验数据,为临床肾毒性损伤治疗提供参考。方法将肾发育完成的斑马鱼幼鱼(4 dpf)用马兜铃酸A处理24 h造成马兜铃酸肾损伤模型,治疗组在损伤模型基础上同时加入大黄酸处理。处理结束后,镜下观察各组幼鱼的表型变化,并记录异常数;提取各组幼鱼组织中的肌酐成分,用肌酐检测试剂盒测定其含量变化情况;并用qPCR定量检测各组幼鱼组织中的炎性相关因子(cox2a)和致纤维化因子(TGF-β1)表达变化情况。结果马兜铃酸A处理24 h后,部分幼鱼出现眼周水肿及血循环系统功能异常,表现为心跳微弱、心腔缩小,主干及节间血流缓慢甚至停滞,幼鱼异常发生率与马兜铃酸A呈量效依赖性特点;马兜铃酸A处理组幼鱼组织中的肌酐含量比对照组升高,并有显著性差异;qPCR结果显示,马兜铃酸A处理组幼鱼组织中cox2a和TGF-β1表达量也比对照组显著上升,说明马兜铃酸A处理造成斑马鱼幼鱼肾功能损伤。同时加入大黄酸的治疗组中,幼鱼异常发生比例比模型组显著降低,幼鱼组织中的肌酐含量也明显低于模型组,同时,大黄酸能下调cox2a的表达,但对马兜铃酸A引起的TGF-β1表达量的上升无影响。结论大黄酸对马兜铃酸A引起的斑马鱼幼鱼肾损伤有一定的保护作用。

关键词:斑马鱼;肾;大黄酸;马兜铃酸A;肾损伤;

T5-8

粗壮女贞总苷降血脂作用及其基于AMPK通路的降脂作用机制

孙 乐1,杨润梅1,高南南1,许利嘉1,贺震旦2,金 文1

(1.中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193;2.深圳大学医学院药学系,广东深圳518060)

摘要:目的探讨粗壮女贞(CN)总苷降血脂作用及其基于腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)通路的降脂作用机制。方法Syrian金黄地鼠随机分为正常组、高脂模型组,阳性药非诺贝特组及CN总苷高、中、低剂量组。除正常组外,其余各组地鼠应用高脂饲料诱导建立混合型高脂血症模型。造模1周后取血,检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)含量,确定模型形成。之后连续给药30 d,在给药10,20及30 d分别取血检测血清中TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C及游离脂肪酸(FFA)含量。在给药30 d后剖取肝测定肝TG和TC含量。并应用实时定量PCR检测CN总苷对肝中AMPK、CD36、肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1(CPT1)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的mRNA表达水平的影响;并用Western blotting法检测AMPK和其上游调控蛋白肝激酶B1(LKB1)的磷酸化蛋白和总蛋白水平,并检测羟甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶的蛋白表达量。结果给药10,20及30 d后,与模型组相比,CN总苷高剂量组血清中的TC,TG,LDL-C和FFA含量均显著降低(P<0.01);给药30 d后肝中TC和TG含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。实时定量PCR结果显示,与模型组相比,CN总苷可以明显升高AMPK的相对表达量(P<0.01),但CD36,ACC和CPT1的相对表达量无明显变化。Western蛋白印迹结果显示,与模型组相比,CN总苷高剂量组肝中的LKB1,phospho-LKB1及phospho-AMPK的相对表达量均提高,其中phospho-LKB1相对表达量显著提高(P<0.01)。结论CN总苷能有效降低高脂血症金黄地鼠的血脂和肝脂水平,其机制可能是CN总苷促进肝LKB1磷酸化从而激活AMPK通路上与脂质代谢相关的靶蛋白。

关键词:CN总苷;降脂;AMPK;LKB1

T5-9

茶黄素降低黄嘌呤联合氧嗪酸钾诱导高尿酸血症小鼠的血浆尿酸作用及机制探究

周启蒙,杜冠华

(中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药物研究所,北京市药物靶点研究与新药筛选重点实验室,北京 100050)

摘要:目的观察茶黄素降低黄嘌呤联合氧嗪酸钾诱导的高尿酸血症小鼠的血浆尿酸效果并进行机制探究。方法采用黄嘌呤灌胃联合氧嗪酸钾腹腔注射制备小鼠高尿酸血症模型。取血浆利用尿酸酶法测定血浆尿酸含量,苦味酸法测定血浆肌酐含量,脲酶-谷氨酸脱氢酶法检测血浆尿素氮含量;分光光度法检测黄嘌呤氧化酶活性。结果与空白组相比,模型组小鼠血浆尿酸浓度显著升高(P<0.05),而茶黄素3,10和30 mg·kg-1剂量组均可分别显著降低血浆尿酸水平37.4%(P<0.05),55.3%(P<0.05)和48.1%(P<0.05)。茶黄素10 mg·kg-1比模型组血浆肌酐降低了10.5%(P< 0.05)。茶黄素各剂量组血浆尿素水平相比模型组分别升高了45.6%(P<0.05),53.1%(P<0.05)和58.9%(P<0.05)。茶黄素3,10和30 mg·kg-1剂量组较模型组黄嘌呤氧化酶活性分别升高33.3%,56%(P<0.05),37.0%(P<0.05)。结论茶黄素对高尿酸血症小鼠肾滤过能力影响不大,可能是通过影响尿酸重吸收过程而非黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制作用而起到降低小鼠血浆尿酸的效果。

关键词:高尿酸血症;茶黄素;黄嘌呤氧化酶

T5-10

七斛血糖制剂对KK-Ay小鼠降糖作用

张 璇1,李小丽1,王 宁2,姚欣彤1,周维英1

(第三军医大学1.药学院药理学教研室,2.第一附属医院中心实验室,重庆 400038)

摘要:目的观察七斛血糖制剂对自发性2型糖尿病KK-Ay小鼠降糖作用及机制的初步研究。方法C57BL/6小鼠作为正常对照组,KK-Ay小鼠随机分成6组,分别为模型对照组,七斛低、中、高剂量组(0.75,1.5和3.0 g生药·kg-1),阳性对照组(二甲双胍组和伏格列波糖组),灌胃给药28 d。于给药第8、15、22和29天测量小鼠随机血糖、体重及摄食量,并于第29天取血检测血脂四项,取肝和肾观察病理改变。结果与正常对照组比较,模型对照组小鼠摄食量、体重、血糖、总胆固醇(CHOL)和甘油三酯(TG)水平显著升高(P<0.01),小鼠肝细胞变性,脂肪沉积明显,中央静脉扩张、充血,肾小球萎缩严重并伴有充血;与模型对照组比较,给药第8、15、22和29天,七斛中、高剂量组小鼠的随机血糖均显著降低(P<0.05),其中七斛高剂量组降糖率可达35%以上;七斛中、高剂量组小鼠摄食量、体重、CHOL和TG均显著降低(P<0.05);七斛中、高剂量组小鼠肝细胞变性减轻,脂肪沉积减少,肾小球轻度萎缩,充血显著减轻。结论七斛血糖制剂能显著降低KK-Ay小鼠的血糖、总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平,且能显著改善KK-Ay小鼠肝和肾的病变。

关键词:糖尿病;七斛血糖制剂;高血糖;高血脂

T5-11

基于药理学和代谢组学技术阐明慢性肾衰竭的作用机制及麦角甾酮抗肾纤维化

赵英永

(西北大学西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安 710069)

摘要:目的慢性肾功能衰竭是严重危害人类健康的重大疾病之一,且随着慢性肾功能衰竭原发病如糖尿病、高血压、心血管疾病发生率的升高,慢性肾功能衰竭的发生率也在逐渐上升。本研究采用药理学和基于超高液相色谱-高清质谱联用的代谢组学技术鉴定腺嘌呤诱导的慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)大鼠肾组织的生物标示物及探讨麦角甾酮抗肾纤维化的作用机制。方法模型组灌胃腺嘌呤200 mg·kg-1·d-1连续3周制作慢性肾功能衰竭模型,正常对照组给予同等量自来水。治疗组除按灌胃腺嘌呤制作慢性肾功能衰竭模型外,3 h后按灌胃麦角甾酮进行治疗,实验结束后颈动脉采血和肾组织用于生化测定、病理分析和代谢组学研究。结果结合血液生化和肾组织病理学及模式识别分析,发现CRF组和对照组间代谢轮廓差异显著。鉴定的13个生物标示物6个是多不饱和脂肪酸,多不饱和脂肪酸二十二碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、二十碳五烯酸、花生四烯酸和亚油酸等的表达被上调或下调;其次是增加的尿毒症毒素硫酸吲哚酚和硫酸对甲酚。此外,腺嘌呤导致肾纤维化相关蛋白TGF-β1,CTGF,bFGF和ColⅠ的显著上调,因此多不饱和脂肪酸与肾纤维化蛋白的过表达存在密切的联系。慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠经麦角甾酮治疗后,麦角甾酮对异常的多不饱和脂肪酸代谢和肾纤维化蛋白有较好的改善作用。结论多不饱和脂肪酸是CRF的肾组织的生物标示物,多不饱和脂肪酸的紊乱与肾纤维化蛋白的上调有关,麦角甾酮对CRF显示较好的治疗作用。代谢组学方法是研究慢性肾疾病的机制及中药治疗的一个有力的工具。

关键词:慢性肾衰竭;代谢组学;超高压液相色谱;猪苓;麦角甾酮;肾纤维化;脂肪酸代谢

T5-12

黄芪甲苷对链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠肾保护机制探讨

范愈燕1,吕翠岩3,朱 斌2,李 平4,刘庆山5,刘延青1

(首都医科大学附属天坛医院1.康复疼痛科,2.药剂科,北京 100050;3.首都医科大学附属北京中医院肾内科,北京 100730;4.中日友好医院临床医学研究所,北京100029;5.中国少数民族传统医学研究院,北京 100030)

摘要:目的观察黄芪甲苷对链脲佐菌素(STZ)-诱导糖尿病大鼠肾保护机制。方法4周龄Wistar大鼠除了正常组(n= 6),给予2周高脂肪饮食及STZ诱导2型糖尿病成模后随机分组:模型组(n=10)、黄芪甲苷组(10 mg·kg-1,n=8)、奥美沙坦酯组(100 mg·kg-1·d-1,n=8)及四甲基哌啶组(3 mol·L-1,n=10),6周治疗观察血压及肾脏组织改变。结果STZ诱导糖尿病12周龄的大鼠血压、血糖、尿蛋白、尿肌酐清除率及肾皮质纤维化基因均显著升高,升高的数值显著被奥美沙坦酯所抑制,而黄芪甲苷和四甲基哌啶均抑制除了血压以外的异常指标。糖尿病组的肾皮质AGT及renin基因异常升高,除了被奥美沙坦酯组明显改善外,其他组均无影响。结论黄芪甲苷对STZ诱导糖尿病肾脏保护作用机制并未参与肾内血管紧张素系统,可能是通过抗氧化作用实现的。

关键词:2型糖尿病大鼠;黄芪甲苷;血管紧张素系统;抗氧化作用

T5-13

低分子量褐藻多糖硫酸酯改善白蛋白超载引起的肾小管细胞损伤

贾英丽,周 虹,杨宝学

(北京大学基础医学院药理学系天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京 100191)

摘要:目的随着人口老龄化及代谢疾病的增加,慢性肾疾病(CKD)的发病率逐年升高,已经成为世界范围内共同的健康难题。目前对于CKD的治疗主要为控制血糖、血压以及降血脂等基础疾病的治疗。而针对CKD发病过程的药物较少,因此需要进一步研究CKD的发病机制以及寻找新的防治药物。白蛋白尿是慢性肾疾病的最常见症状,不仅是肾疾病重要的临床表现和预后指标,也是肾疾病进展至肾衰竭的独立危险因素。白蛋白尿可造成严重的肾小管及肾间质损伤。褐藻多糖硫酸酯具有多种生物活性,经降解得到的低分子量褐藻多糖硫酸酯(LMWF)平均分子量为8 ku,生物利用度好。该课题主要研究白蛋白造成肾损伤的机制,以及LMWF是否可改善白蛋白超载引起的肾损伤及功能改变。方法将雄性129S2/Sv小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组及给药组。模型组小鼠每天ip牛血清白蛋白(BSA)10 mg·g-1,持续3周。给药组小鼠ip预给LMWF(100 mg·kg-1)1周,之后给予3周的BSA。对照组小鼠腹腔注射等剂量的生理盐水。观察并记录小鼠的一般生理状态和肾功能等指标的变化。体外实验采用大鼠肾小管上皮(NRK-52E)细胞的白蛋白超载模型,BSA 10或20 mg·mL-1孵育NRK-52E细胞不同时间后收集细胞。用Western蛋白印迹法检测肾组织和细胞样品中的信号分子表达水平。结果129S2/Sv小鼠腹腔注射BSA 3周后,出现肾功能低下,表现为血肌酐、血尿素氮水平升高,肌酐清除率下降,24 h尿白蛋白排泄量大于30 mg;肾组织形态发生明显改变,肾小管上皮细胞萎缩、扁平,肾小管扩张,肾小球肥大;并且炎症反应相关蛋白COX-2及MCP-1,纤维化相关蛋白CTGF及fibronectin、等表达水平升高。这些结果也表明,白蛋白超载的129S2/Sv小鼠是研究LMWF对慢性肾疾病保护作用的理想模型。同时,给予小鼠腹腔注射LMWF 100 mg·kg-1后,小鼠肾功能得到改善,其中血肌酐浓度下降34%,血尿素氮水平下降25%,肌酐清除率上升48%,24 h尿白蛋白排泄量下降41%;肾小管上皮细胞萎缩和肾小管扩张减轻;炎症反应相关蛋白(COX-2和MCP-1)、纤维化相关蛋白(CTGF和fibronectin)表达降低。我们利用大鼠近曲小管上皮细胞(NRK-52E细胞)白蛋白超载模型研究LMWF改善肾损伤的机制。BSA 10 mg·mL-1与不同浓度的LMWF(1~20 μg·mL-1)共孵育NRK-52E细胞48 h后,LMWF剂量依赖地抑制白蛋白超载引起的NF-κB通路激活,并且抑制炎症反应相关蛋白(COX-2和MCP-1)、纤维化相关蛋白(CTGF和fibronectin)表达;20 mg·mL-1BSA与不同浓度的LMWF(1~20 μg·mL-1)孵育NRK-52E细胞72 h后,LMWF以剂量依赖地方式抑制白蛋白诱导的凋亡指数增加,并且降低凋亡相关蛋白cleaved-caspase 3和p-p53表达水平;LMWF抑制白蛋白超载的NRK-52E细胞内ROS产生,降低MDA的浓度,并降低Nox4表达水平及PKC的磷酸化水平,提示LMWF降低NRK-52E细胞内氧化应激水平。结论LMWF能够改善白蛋白超载引起的肾及肾近曲小管上皮细胞损伤。其保护作用主要通过抑制白蛋白超载引起的炎症反应、纤维化、氧化应激及细胞凋亡。此外,由于其生物功能及特性,LMWF很有可能开发为防治CKD的药物。

关键词:慢性肾疾病;蛋白尿;炎症反应;细胞凋亡;白蛋白超载

T5-14

果糖1,6二磷酸酶抑制剂cpd-36在四氧嘧啶小鼠中的降糖作用研究及机制初探

刘率男,穆永钊,刘 泉,李彩娜,申竹芳

(中国医学科学院药物研究所,北京 100050)

摘要:目的研究针对肝糖异生途径的抗糖尿病药物新靶点——果糖1,6-二磷酸酶(FBPase)的抑制剂,新结构化合物cpd-36对四氧嘧啶(alloxan)小鼠的降糖活性及作用机制初探。方法在酶学和原代小鼠肝细胞水平,评价cpd-36对人源FBPase活性和肝细胞糖异生的抑制作用;在Alloxan小鼠中,单次或长期口服给予cpd-36(100和200 mg·kg-1),行丙酮酸钠耐量试验,以评价其对糖异生的抑制作用和对糖脂代谢的影响。结果cpd-36对重组人源FBPase活性具有显著抑制作用,IC50为6.2×10-8mol·L-1,抑制作用优于FBPase阳性抑制剂MB05032(IC50为1.2×10-7mol·L-1);在Alloxan小鼠中单次口服给药,cpd-36(100 mg·kg-1)可明显抑制给予丙酮酸钠后的血糖上升,与二甲双胍(150 mg·kg-1)作用相当;长期给药后,cpd-36(100和200 mg·kg-1)可显著降低高糖小鼠的空腹和随机血糖(P<0.05),并剂量依赖性地抑制肝脏中FBPase的活性;对小鼠的多食多饮症状有明显改善作用;给药后,未发现血乳酸及β-羟丁酸的堆积现象,对肝脏病理形态也无显著影响;另外,cpd-36亦可显著抑制小鼠原代肝细胞内的糖异生作用,减少肝细胞葡萄糖生成。结论cpd-36具有较强的FBPase抑制活性,可通过口服给药发挥良好的体内降血糖作用,对糖异生底物的水平影响较小;围绕cpd-36进行合理的结构优化,可继续探寻和开发活性好、安全性高的以FBPase为靶点的抗糖尿病候选药物。

关键词:果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶抑制剂;糖尿病;空腹血糖;糖异生

T5-16

Apelin/APJ system and kidney disease

HUANG Zhen,CHEN Zhe,HU Hao-liang,LIU Jia-qi,ZHOU Hong,WU Le-le,HUANG Shi-fang,LI Lan-fang,CHEN Lin-xi

(Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology,Hunan Prov⁃ince Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

Abstract:Apelin is an endogenous ligand of the apelin receptor(APJ),a seven-transmembrane G protein-cou⁃pled receptor.Apelin and APJ exist in a variety of tissues,with special status in the heart,lung and tumors.Further⁃more,many research shows that the apelin/APJ system exerts a broad range of activities that affect kidney sys⁃tems.This review we summarize the role of apelin/APJ system on renal fibrosis,renal ischemia/reperfusion injury and diabetic nephropathy,polycystic kidney disease,hemodialysis.It was found that the level expression of apelin mRNA in the inner stripe of kidney outer medulla was the highest,and the region is significantly correlated with water and sodium balance.In UUO mice model,intraperitoneal injection of Apelin can reduce α-SMA,the expression of TGF-1 and its receptor,and between renal stromal components also significantly decreased.These results show that Apelin can reduce the deposition of ECM and improve renal interstitial fibrosis.In renal isch⁃emia/reperfusion injury studies show that apelin-13 can significantly reduce the damage induced by renal tubular lesions,renal cell death and the normal renal function is not completely lead to large damage.But in diabetic nephropathy,Apelin-APJ system can promote or slow DN disease progression is controversial,still needs fur⁃ther research.Analysis the receiver operating characteristic curve found that in the process of identifying ADPKD dis⁃ease apelin and copeptin shows good receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC),cox proportional hazards regression model also showed apelin can predict on the progress of kidney disease.In hemodialysis patients the apelin levels and PTH levels were positively correlated,it could prompt apelin can protect bone dialysis patients. Apelin also can reduce Pit-1 inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell osteoblast calcification and thus improve the aortic calcification,so Apelin may have a potential role in the treatment of vascular calcification in CKD.In kidney disease conditions,Apelin/APJ system plays a variety of biological functions,because of the Apelin protective on kidney,Apelin/APJ may be a potential material for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.

Key words:Apelin/APJ;kidney disease;fibrosis

T5-17

Ameliorative effect of berberine on high-fat diet/strep⁃tozotocin-induced early diabetic nephropathy in rats

XIEZhan-xiong1,WUZhu-feng2,LIUJiang-hong1,WU Qun-hua1,WANG Xiao-kang1

(1.Department of Pharmacy,Shenzhen Longhua New District Central Hospital,Shenzhen518110,China;2.Department of Pharmacy,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University,Guangzhou 510630,China)

Abstract:OBJECTIVETo investigate possible protec⁃tive effect of berberine,an isoquinoline alkaloid,is the major active constituent of Rhizoma coptidis and Cortex phellodendri,on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced early diabetic nephropathy in rats and various mechanisms underlie this effect.METHODSThe diabetic rat model was generated by a single intraperitoneal injection of strepto⁃zotocin(STZ,50 mg·kg-1).Diabetic rats were random⁃lyassigned into the following five groups:control,DN,losartan(30 mg·kg-1·d-1),berberine(100,200 mg·kg-1·d-1). Berberine and losartan were given intragastricly for nine weeks.At the end of the experiment,urine of each group was collected in a 24 h period.Rats were weighed and then sacrificed.Plasma and kidneys were collected.The levels of blood glucose,creatinine(Cr),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TCH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum were determined using commercial kits according to the manufacturer′s instructions.Transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1and intracellular adhesion molecule-1(IAM-1)mRNA levels were evaluated by RT-PCR.The renal his⁃topathology was observed by light microscopy.Further biochemical analysis of IKKβ1 and p65(nucleus/cytoplasm)was provided using Western blotting techniques.RESULTSOur study has demonstrated that berberine has various pharmacological activities.The DN rats had significantly higher kidney/body weight ratio(17.4±1.4)mg·g-1,and berberine treatment could reduce this ratio change 13.6±0.6 and(11.6±0.8)mg·g-1,respectively;glucose control still remains the only disease-modifying therapy for diabetic complications,FBG was also recorded in the experiment. The findings reveal that the DN group showed a significantly higher glucose level(28.67±2.78)mmol·L-1.Treatment with 8 weeks of berberine improved these parameters except blood glucose〔(18.67±2.59)mmol·L-1and 16.45±1.80vs(28.67±2.78)mmol·L-1:plasma levels of urea nitrogen(15.67±2.48)mmol·L-1and 14.45±2.40vs(12.26± 2.40)mmol·L-1〕;plasma levels of 24 h urine albuminuria〔30.48±1.56 and 25.72±2.24vs(15.26±0.12)μg·d-1〕;based on these results,berberine supposed to improve renal functions in diabetic rats.Berberine also ameliorated the inflammatory changes of DN in diabetic animals;levels of TG,TCH and MDA in berberine-treatment rats were significantly lower compared with those in the DN group:TG〔2.78±0.24 and 2.45±0.36 vs(5.20±0.60)mmol·L-1〕;TCH〔4.26±0.46 and 3.74±0.68vs(6.26±0.50)mmol·L-1〕;MDA〔4.94±1.19 and 4.28±0.64vs(4.28±0.64)nu·mL-1〕.Chronic inflammation,as is observed in diabetes,is associated with increased production of TGF-β1and IAM-1.Compared with the renal tissues of DN group,TGF-β1and IAM-1 gene expressions in berberine treated groups were reduced at the dose levels(100 and 200 mg·kg-1).And TGF-β1and IAM-1 levels in berberine treated groups were reduced in a dosedependent manner:Relative expression of TGF-β1mRNA level(3.56±0.28 and 3.12±0.14vs5.12±0.44);Relative expression of IAM-1 mRNA level(1.78±0.56 and 1.42±0.24vs4.36±0.35).Research finds that the NF-κB signaling pathway is activated in the renal tissue of diabetic mice and berberine inhibits activation of the NF-κB pathway:staining score for IKKβ1(4.34±0.26 and 3.82±0.24vs6.23±0.76),staining score for p65(2.34±0.26 and 1.74±0.78vs6.23± 0.24)in nucleus and staining score for p65(7.21±0.13 and 8.15±0.45vs4.23±0.54)in cytoplasm.CONCLUSIONIn this field,berberine suppresses the increased expression of p65 in the nucleus and decreases it in cytoplasm,which leads to the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.These changes will result in decreasing the transcription and translation of many inflammatory mediators,such as TGF-β1and IAM-1. Additionally,these changes decrease the number of inflammatory cells and mononuclear macrophage infiltration into glomeruli and renal interstitium.These results indicated that berberine can protect the kidney of STZ-diabetic rats by reducing the expression of TGF-β1and IAM-1 in the re⁃nal tubulointerstitium.And we propose that berberine mayfunction as an effective therapeutic agent for diabetic nephropathy and attenuate the progression of renal injury.

Key words:berberine;creatinine;diabetic nephropathy;inflammation

T5-18

Activation of peripheral KCNQ channels relieves gout pain

ZHENG Yue-ming,XU Hai-yan,ZHAN Li,ZHOU Xin-di,CHEN Xue-qin,GAO Zhao-bing

(State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,Shanghai Insti⁃tute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201203,China)

Abstract:Intense inflammatory pain caused by urate crystals in joints and other tissues is a major symptom of gout.Among therapy drugs that lower urate,benzbroma⁃rone(BBR),an inhibitor of urate transporters,is widely used because it is well tolerated and highly effective.We demonstrate that BBR is also an activator of voltage-gated KCNQ potassium channels.In cultured recombinant cells,BBR exhibited significant potentiation effects on KCNQ channels comparable to previously reported clas⁃sical activators.In native dorsal root ganglion neurons,BBR effectively overcame the suppression of KCNQ cur⁃rents, andtheresultantneuronalhyperexcitability caused by inflammatory mediators,such as bradykinin(BK).Benzbromarone consistently attenuates BK-,for⁃malin-,or monosodium urate-induced inflammatory pain in rat and mouse models.Notably,the analgesic effects of BBR are largely mediated through peripheral and not through central KCNQ channels,an observation supported both by pharmacokinetic studies andin vivo experi⁃ments.Moreover,multiple residues in the superficial part of the voltage sensing domain of KCNQ channels were identified critical for the potentiation activity of BBR by a molecular determinant investigation.Our data indicate that activation of peripheral KCNQ channels mediates the pain relief effects of BBR,potentially providing a new strategy for the development of more effective therapies for gout.

Key words:KCNQ;channel;gout;pain

T5-19

Protective effects of total triterpenoids extracts fromCyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja on STZ-stimu⁃lated INS-1 cells through regulating of autophagy and apoptosis

ZHOU Qin1*,SHI Meng-qiong2*,Wu Xue-zhi3,HE Hai-bo4,LIU Ying3,QIN Hui-lin4,ZHANG Yong-feng4

(1.Department of Pharmacy,Renhe Hospital,China Three Gorges University,2.College of Medical Sciences,China Three Gorges University,3.Yichang Green Qian Liu Biological Technology Co.,Ltd,4.College of Biologi⁃cal and Pharmaceutical Sciences,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China)

Abstract:OBJECTIVETo explore the protective effects of total triterpenoids extracts fromCyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja on STZ-stimulated INS-1 cells through regulating of autophagy and apoptosis.METHODSINS-1 cells were cultured in media containing 3nM STZ and different doses of total triterpenoids extracts fromCyclo⁃carya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja.The proliferation of cells was examined by MTT assay,ROS content were detected by fluorescence enzyme label.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),hydrogen peroxidase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA)were also measured by colorimetry.The activities of cas⁃pase-3,9 were also observed by Caspase colorimetric assay kit in each group.The expressions of Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA were detected by Real time PCR,pro⁃tein expression of LC3-Ⅱ and PARP were detected by Western blotting.RESULTSCompared with the control group,total triterpenoids extracts fromCyclocarya pali⁃urus(Batal.)Iljinskaja could promote the proliferation of INS-1 cells no matter with STZ or not when its concentra⁃tion lower than 25 μg·mL-1;but when its concentration higher than 100 μg·mL-1(use individually)or 50 μg·mL-1(combined use),total triterpenoids extracts fromCyclo⁃carya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja might significantly inhibite the growth of the cells whether STZ existed or not.Total triterpenoids extracts fromCyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja(6.25,12.5,25 μg·mL-1)might inhibit INS-1 cell apoptosis,decrease intra-cellular ROS contents,improve the s upernatant liquid SOD,GSH-PX,CAT activities,decrease MDA level,promote INS-1 cell secreting insulin,decrease the protein expressions of autophagy protein LC3Ⅱ and apoptosis regulating pro⁃tein cleaved PARP protein,up-regulate the anti-apoptot⁃ic protein Bcl-2 mRNA expression,down-regulate the pro-apoptotic protein Bax mRNA expression and Bcl-2 and Bax,reduce the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3(P<0.05 orP<0.01).CONCLUSIONTotal triterpe⁃noids extracts fromCyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinska⁃ja has good protective effect on STZ-stimulated INS-1 cells.It can inhibit STZ injured INS-1 cells to overpro⁃duce ROS production,enhance endogenous antioxidant enzymes(GSH-Px,SOD,CAT activities),reduce the expression of autophagy protein LC3Ⅱ and apoptosis regulating protein cleaved PARP,up-reglute the antiapoptosis protein Bcl-2 expression,down-regulate the pro-apoptotic protein Bax expression,decrease the cas⁃pase-9 and caspase-3 activities,and improve the INS-1 cell survival rate,and then play a protective effect on damaged INS-1 cells.

Key words:total triterpenoids extracts fromCyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja;INS-1 cells;streptozocin;autophagy;apoptosis

*Co-first author.

T5-20

Berberine enhanced antidiabetic effects and attenuated untoward effects of canagliflozin in streptozotocininduced diabetic mice

JIANG Xin1,2,TIAN Cai-ming2,3,XIE Wei-dong2

(1.School of Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;2.Shenzhen Key Lab of Health Science and Technology,Division of Life Science&Health,Graduate School at Shenzhen,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,China;3.Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

Abstract:OBJECTIVETo determine whether berberine can enhance the antidiabetic effects and alleviate the adverse effects of canagliflozin in diabetes mellitus.METHODSStreptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were introduced,and the combined effects of berberine and canagliflozin on glucose metabolism and kidney func⁃tions were investigated.RESULTSBerberine combined with canagliflozin(BC)increased reduction of fasting and postprandial blood glucose,diet,and water intake com⁃pared with berberine or canagliflozin alone.Interestingly,BC showed greater decrease in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels and lower total urine glucose excretion than canagliflozin alone.In addition,BC showed increased phosphorylated 5′AMP-activated protein kinase(pAMPK)expression and decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα)levels in kidneys compared with berberine or canagliflozin alone.CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that BC is as tronger antidiabetic than berberine or cana⁃gliflozin alone with less negative side effectson the kidneys of diabetic mice.The antidiabetic effect is likely mediated by synergically promoting the expression of pAMPK and reducing the expression of TNFα in kidneys.This study first proved that canagliflozin combined withberberine is apromising treatment for diabetes mellitus.However,the exact mechanisms should be further investigated in future studies.

Key words:canagliflozin;berberine;diabetes mellitus;AMP-activated protein kinase;sodium-glucose cotrans⁃porter-2

T5-21

Disruption of hepatic lipid homeostasis is involved in valproate-induced hepatotoxicity

BAI Xu-peng,HONG Wei-peng,YU Wei-bang,HUANG Min,JIN Jing

(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

Abstract:OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism underlying valproate(VPA)-induced hepatic hepatotox⁃icity.METHODSC57B/6J mice were given VPA at 500 mg·kg-1·d-1by intragastric administration for 14 con⁃secutive days,while the control group received the same volume of physiologic saline by intragastric admin⁃istration for same days.Mice were sacrificed 24 h after the last administration.Blood samples were collected for plasma biochemical assays.Liver was fixed in 10%neu⁃tral buffered formalin for histopathological analysis,and RNA extraction.mRNA for selected genes expression en⁃coding proteins key to fatty acid synthesis,triglyceride syn⁃thesis,fatty acid oxidation,phosphatidylcholine synthe⁃sis,and lipid uptake were measured using quantitative real-time PCR.RESULTSWe found that VPA treatment induced hepatic injury in mice as evidenced by increased ALP,ATP,ASP,GGT,and LDH.Histopathological analysis of the liver in mice treated with VPA showed in⁃creased microvesicular steatosis in cytoplasm.More im⁃portantly,VPA treatment increased the mRNA expres⁃sionsofsterolregulatoryelementbindingprotein(SREBP)-1c,peroxisome proliferator-activated recep⁃tor(PPAR)γ,diacylgycerol acyltransferase(DGAT)2,and cluster of differentiation(CD)36,while the mRNA lev⁃els of stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)1,DGAT1,liver X receptors α(LXRα),carnitine palmitoyltransferase(CPT)1,malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase(MCD),uncou⁃pling protein(UCP)2,phosphatidylethanolamine N-meth⁃yltransferase(PEMT),andpregnenoloneXreceptor(PXR)displayed significant decrease.CONCLUSIONOur data showed that VPA induced disruption of hepatic lipid homeostasis,which could be helpful for a better under⁃ standing of the mechanism underlying VPA-induced hep⁃atotoxicity and for a better use of VPA.

Key words:VPA;hepatic steatosis;lipid homeostasis;hepatotoxicity

通讯作者:申竹芳,E-mail:shenzhf@imm.ac.cn,Tel:(010)83172669 阳学风,Tel:18973405898,E-mail:yxf9988@ 126.com 杜冠华,Tel/Fax:(010)63165184,E-mail:dugh@imm.ac.cn;张 莉,Tel:(010)63035606,E-mail:zhangli@imm.ac.cn 杜冠华,E-mail:dugh@imm.ac.cn,Tel:(010)63165184 吴晓光,E-mail:52753548@qq.com,Tel:13633246767 刘 雅,E-mail:liuya1979@hotmail.com;李晓辉,E-mail:lpsh008@aliyun.com,Tel:(023)68753368 刘可春,E-mail:hliukch@sdas.org,Tel:(0531)82605352 杨润梅,E-mail:rmyang@implad.ac.cn,Tel:18911565916 杜冠华,E-mail:dugh@imm.ac.cn,Tel:(010)63165184 周围英,E-mail:wyzhou0118@163.com,Tel:13110216025 赵英永,E-mail:zyy@nwu.edu.cn,Tel:(029) 88305273 刘延青,E-mail:lyqttyy@126.com 周 虹,E-mail:rainbow_zhou@126.com,Tel:(010)82802798;杨宝学,Tel:(010)82805622,E-mail:baoxue@bjmu.edu.cn 申竹芳,E-mail:shenzhf@imm.ac.cn,Tel:(010)83172669

基金项目:衡阳市科技局课题(2014KJ57) 国家自然科学基金(81102492;81102444);基本科研业务费(2013ZD02) 重大新药创制专项(2009ZX09102-123, 2013ZX09508104) 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201606) 山东省自主创新重大专项(2014ZZCX0215);国家自然科学基金项目(81202584,31400979) 协和青年基金资助(3332015142) 教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(NCET-13-0954);国家自然科学基金(81202909,81274025) 国家自然科学基金(81141040) 国家自然科学基金(30870921,81170632,81261160507);科技部国际科技合作与交流专项(2012DFA11070) 中国医学科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2016ZX350009)

Foundation item:The project supported by National NaturalScienceFoundationofChina(81373414,81130061,81473208,81422049);National 863 Plan Young Scientist Program of China(2015AA020943);and Shanghai Qimingxing Project(14QA1404700) s:MIAO Chao-yu,E-mail:cymiao@ smmu.edu.cn;WANG Pei,E-mail:pwang@smmu.edu.cn CHEN Lin-xi,E-mail:lxchen6@ 126.com,Tel:(0734)8683928 The project supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21615463) WANG Xiao-kang,E-mail:kangtae. wang@yahoo.com GAO Zhao-bing,Tel:(021)20239067,E-mail:zbgao@simm.ac.cn The project supported by National Natural and Science Foundation of China(81341141);Yichang Qingqianliu Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.(SDHZ201602);and Science and Technology Bureau of Yichang city(A15301-25)Corresponding author:HE Hai-bo,E-mail:hjy219@ 126.com The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373460);and by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2014A030313744) XIE Wei-dong,Tel/Fax:(0755)26036086;E-mail:xiewd@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn The project supported by National Natural Science Foundations of China(81573658,81102886) JIN Jing,E-mail:jinjing@mail. sysu.edu.cn

T5-15
Hepatic NAD+deficiency as a therapeutic target for NAFLD in aging

WANG Pei,MIAO Chao-yu

(Department of Pharmacology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,China)

Abstract:OBJECTIVEAging is an important risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Here,we investigatedwhetherthedeficiencyofnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+),a ubiquitous coenzyme,links aging with NAFLD.METHODSHepatic NAD+con⁃centration,together with the protein levels of nicotin⁃amide phosphoribosyltransferase(NAMPT)and several other critical enzymes regulating NAD+biosynthesis,were compared between middle-aged and aged mice or patients.The influences of NAD+decline on the steatosis and steatohepatitis was evaluated in wild-type(WT)and H247A dominant-negative enzymatic-dead NAMPT trans⁃genic mice(DN-NAMPT)under normal and high-fat diet(HFD).RESULTSHepatic NAD+level decreased in aged mice and people.NAMPT-controlled NAD+salvage,but not de novo biosynthesis pathway,was compromised in liver of elderly mice and human.Under normal chow,middle-age DN-NAMPT mice displayed systemic NAD+reduction,and had moderate NAFLD phenotypes,including lipid accumulation,enhanced oxidative stress,triggered inflammation and impaired insulin sensitivity in liver.Allthese NAFLD phenotypes,especially the pro-inflammatory factors release,Kupffer cell accumulation,monocytes infiltration,NLRP3 inflammasome pathway,and hepatic fibrosis(Masson’s staining and a-SMA staining),were further deteriorated under HFD challenge.Orally adminis⁃tration of nicotinamide riboside,a natural NAD+precursor,completely corrected these NAFLD phenotypes induced by NAD+deficiency alone or HFD,whereas adenovirusmediated SIRT1 overexpression only partially rescued these phenotypes.CONCLUSIONThese results provide the first evidence that aging-associated NAD+deficiency is a critical risk factor for NAFLD,and suggest that sup⁃plement of NAD+substrates may be a promising thera⁃peutic strategy to prevent and treat NAFLD.

Key words:NAD;liver;NAFLD;NLRP3