代森联在葡萄和土壤中的残留和消解规律
2016-01-29张文红张慧邵辉
张文红+张慧+邵辉



摘 要:为评价代森联在葡萄上使用的安全性,并建立其使用规范,对代森联在葡萄及其种植土壤中的残留及消解动态进行研究。建立了葡萄和土壤中代森联GC/MS残留量测定法,葡萄和土壤中平均回收率分别为98%~103%和87%~100%。并于2013—2014年在天津和南京进行了田间试验,代森联在葡萄中的半衰期为6.8~9.4 d,在土壤中的半衰期为5.7~7.7 d。葡萄中代森联的残留量为0.069~0.890 mg·kg-1,土壤中代森联的残留量为0.027~0.418 mg·kg-1。按照我国规定,代森联在葡萄上的最大残留限量(MRL)标准为5 mg·kg-1,60%代森联·嘧菌酯水分散粒剂按照推荐剂量和次数使用,推荐安全间隔期为7 d。
关键词:代森联;葡萄;土壤;残留;消解
中图分类号:S481+.8 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.01.004
Residue and Degradation Dynamics of Metiram in Grape and Soil
ZHANG Wenhong1, ZHANG Hui1, SHAO Hui2
(1. China Organic Food Certification Center of Beijing, Beijing 100081,China;2.Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology,Tianjin 300381,China )
Abstract: To evaluate the safety of metiram in grape and establish its use specification, the final residues and degradation dynamics of metiram were tested. A method for determination of metiram in grape and soil by GC/MS was developed. The average recoveries of metiram in grape and soil were 98%~103% and 87%~100 %.The supervised residue trials indicated that the half-life of metiram in grape and soil were 6.8~9.4 d and 5.7~7.7 d, respectively. The residues of metiram in grape and soil were 0.069~0.890 and 0.027~0.418 mg·kg-1. The final residues of metiram were below the maximum residue limit (MRL, 5 mg·kg-1) set by China, which suggested that this fungicide was comparably safe to apply in grape when sampling 7 d after the last application.
Key words: metiram; grape; soil; residue; degradation
代森联,英文通用名为Metiram,化学名称为三[氨(乙烯双(二硫氨基甲酸酯)锌(2+))][四氢-1,4,7-二噻二氮芳辛-3,8-连二硫酮],聚合体。代森联是一种优良的保护性杀菌剂,属低毒农药,主要用于防治蔬菜霜霉病、炭疽病、褐斑病等,对代森锰锌产生抗性的病害,改用代森联可收到良好的防治效果。因为其杀菌范围广,不易产生抗性,且防治效果明显优于其他同类杀菌剂,所以在国内外一直被大量使用。
代森联残留量测定最常用的方法是气相色谱-火焰光度检测器硫滤光片法[1-2]和气相色谱-电子捕获检测器法[3],此外还有高效液相色谱-紫外检测器法[4-5]和液相色谱-质谱联用法[6-7]。本研究建立了葡萄和土壤中的代森联残留量气质联用测定法,该方法灵敏度高,可作为其他方法的重要补充。目前,关于代森联的消解行为和最终残留量的研究仅见于大蒜及其土壤、西瓜及其土壤的研究报道[1,4],未见代森联在葡萄及其土壤中的研究。……
