甘肃省地震应急专题图的设计与实现①

通信作者：韩晓明(1980-)，男(汉族)，高级工程师，主要从事测震学和地震应急工作。E-mail：hxmpower@126.com。

陈文凯1， 孙艳萍1， 周中红1， 何少林1， 韩晓明2

(1.中国地震局兰州地震研究所，甘肃 兰州 730000; 2.内蒙古自治区地震局，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010)

摘要：地震应急期间，标准清晰的专题图因其快速、直观、信息量大等优点，能及时有效地提供灾区基本情况和灾情信息，在地震灾害应急指挥及救援管理中发挥着重要作用。地震应急图件的制作流程涉及基础数据的处理、总体设计、符号设计、制图综合、打印出图等多个环节，甘肃省地震应急专题图存在应急图件制作不规范、产品产出时效性不高的问题。通过不同比例尺数据库的建立、地震应急专题图和产品目录的设计、专题图模板的制作、本地化快速出图软件的部署，使震后应急期间各类专题图件产出快速、标准化、产品化，使甘肃省地震应急快速制图的能力和水平得到提升。

关键词：甘肃省； 地震应急； 专题图

收稿日期：①2014-11-27

基金项目：中国地震局兰州地震研究所地震科技发展

作者简介：陈文凯(1983-)，男(汉族)，青海民和人，副研究员，主要从事遥感和GIS技术应用研究。

中图分类号:P283.1文献标志码：A

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0844.2015.03.0884

Design and Implementation of Earthquake Emergency

Thematic Map of Gansu Province

CHEN Wen-kai1, SUN Yan-ping1, ZHOU Zhong-hong1, HE Shao-lin1, HAN Xiao-ming2

(1.LanzhouInstituteofSeismology,CEA,Lanzhou730000,Gansu，China;

2.EarthquakeAdministrationofInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,Hohhot010010,InnerMongolia，China)

Abstract：An earthquake emergency thematic map highlights and, as exactly and in as much detail as possible, displays one or more thematic elements in an earthquake-stricken area. Compared with an ordinary map, an earthquake emergency thematic map shows not only the current status and distribution of various elements of the earthquake area but also illustrates the dynamic change and development laws of various elements during the earthquake emergency rescue such as the dynamic changes of relief efforts after the earthquake, the distribution of relief supplies, and changes in the geological disasters. Earthquake emergency thematic maps includes maps of the earthquake, population, economy, traffic, housing estates, schools, hospitals, and geological hazards. During an earthquake emergency rescue, the earthquake emergency thematic map acts as an important output that allows an earthquake emergency office to respond effectively. It serves as one of the main basic maps to aid the government to take control and make decisions playing an important role in earthquake emergency rescue operations. A standardized and clear thematic map plays an important role in earthquake emergency command and rescue management providing timely and effective basic and disaster-related information. Its advantages are in providing rapid, visual, and large quantities of data. The computer mapping process of the earthquake emergency map involves basic data processing, overall and symbol designing, cartographic generalization, and map printing. In Gansu province, the available earthquake emergency maps were not standardized resulting in no timely output. In this study, we first classified, sorted, and preprocessed data from the earthquake emergency basic database of Gansu province (data transformation, topology error check, attribution edit, and others). Next, using the earthquake emergency thematic map concept as the basis, we built databases of different scales (50 000), drew 16 thematic maps, and designed a product catalog in accordance with actual seismic demand. Then, we drew the Gansu province thematic map by region and divided the template into eight different magnitudes according to the seismic intensity attenuation relationships in Gansu province. Finally, we used fast-drawing software to rapidly output earthquake emergency thematic map drawings of local areas. As such, the standardization and production of thematic maps in our province will serve to promote the region’s capacity and computer response speed in earthquake emergency mapping. In this study, we describe the design and implementation of the earthquake emergency thematic map of Gansu province. The clarity of expression regarding different earthquake magnitudes remains a problem in generating automatic thematic maps. In the future, we will explore ways to adjust the format size of maps and display the content during the automatic drawing process. This will make the content produced in thematic maps more specific to the actual needs of the earthquake emergency. In addition, with the rapid development of computer graphics technology, the product catalog of the earthquake emergency thematic map must be continuallyrevisedregarding symbol design modifications and display effects as well as to produce a more attractive, information-rich display on the thematic map template.

Key words： Gansu province; earthquake emergency; thematic map

0引言

地震应急专题图是指突出而尽可能完善、详尽地显示地震灾区的一种或几种地震专题要素的地图。与普通地图相比，专题图不仅可以表示地震灾区各种要素的现状及其分布，而且能够表示地震应急救援过程中各种要素的动态变化和发展规律，如地震后救援力量动态变化、救灾物资分布、地质灾害变化等[1]。……