·失效分析与预防·

油气输送管失效案例与原因分析

杨锋平1卓海森2罗金恒1张良1贾海东3

(1.中国石油集团石油管工程技术研究院中国石油集团石油管工程重点实验室陕西西安710077；

2.中海福建天然气有限责任公司福建莆田351100；3.中国石油西部管道公司新疆乌鲁木齐830012)

摘要：文章介绍了油气输送管失效概率、失效模式以及近几年几起失效案例，并分析其中原因。其中管体失效与钢管本身质量基本无关，其失效主因为外力损伤及腐蚀，其防治重点应放在日常维护上。环焊缝失效主因为焊接质量不稳定，特别是根焊以及返修、补焊质量较差，也有个别是附加载荷引起，而腐蚀因素则没有发现，其防治重点应放在管线建设质量控制上。管件失效基本由制造因素引起，其防治重点应放在管件生产加工质量控制上。对于在役管件而言，通过便携式硬度、金相、化学成分检测是有效检查措施。

关键词：油气管道；失效分析；失效概率；失效原因；失效案例

作者简介：第一杨锋平，男，1982年生，工程师，2010年毕业于西北工业大学获博士学位，主要从事油气长输管道完整性评价与失效分析工作。E-mail:yangfengping008@cnpc.com.cn

文章编号：中图法分类号：TE832

收稿日期：(2014-06-26编辑：屈忆欣)

Study of Failure Cause in Some Failure Cases in Oil and Gas PipelineYANG Fengping1ZHUO Haisen2LUO Jinheng1ZHANG Liang1JIA Haidong3

(1.CNPCTubularGoodsResearchInstitute,CNPCKeyLaboratoryforPetroleumTubularGoodsEngineering,Xi’an,Shaanxi710077,China;

2.CNOOCFujianGasCo.,Ltd.Putian,Fujian351100,China;3.PetrochinaWestPipelineCompany,Urumchi,Xinjiang830012,China)

Abstract：In order to research failure reason and take out some prevention measures, failure frequency, failure mode and some failure cases in recent years were introduced. It is found that for pipe body, rather than construction/produce defect, external interference and corrosion are the major cause of pipe failure. So more resources should be input on routine maintenance of pipeline to prevent pipe body failure. For girth welds, the main failure cause is pool welding in pipeline construction, especially the quality of root welding, repair welding is not stable. External interference is infrequent and corrosion is rare in our cases. So the key of prevention should be focus on welding quality in construction. For pipe fittings, such as flange, elbow, substandard pipe fitting itself is the main cause. And production quality control in factory is the main way. For fittings in service, portable hardness inspection, metallographic inspection and chemical analysis are the effective approach to check the fitting quality.

Key word： oil and gas pipeline, failure analysis, failure frequency,failure cause,failure case

0引言

十一五、十二五期间，中国石油以前所未有的速度，建成了西气东输二线、中缅管线、中亚管线(B、C)、中俄原油管道、陕京三线、中贵线等。截至2014年7月，我国陆上油气管道总里程超过12万公里，覆盖31个省区市和特别行政区，近10亿人受益，标志着我国油气骨干管网保障格局基本形成，在保障国家能源安全方面发挥了重要作用。……