胡桃楸天然次生林改培果材兼用林技术研究

孙德权

(凤城市宝山林场，辽宁 丹东 118123)

摘要依据胡桃楸天然次生林的分布现状，对胡桃楸天然次生林改培果材兼用林技术进行了研究。结果表明：在中龄结果期胡桃楸每667 m2保留株数为22株(5 m×6 m)～16株(5 m×8 m)；成熟胡桃楸林的郁闭度调整到0.60～0.65；采用更新回缩复壮技术，截枝比对照提高发枝率为0.875倍，结果量为对照的2.33倍,新梢生长为对照的43.1倍；胡桃楸苗防寒可使苗高生长量提高22.6%，地径生长量提高16.7%，冠幅长长量提高21.4%。

关键词胡桃楸；天然次生林；果材兼用林

收稿日期：2015-06-18

作者简介：孙德权(1970-)，男，凤城人，大学，工程师，从事林业管理工作.

中图分类号：S792.132

Technology of CultivatingJuglansmandshurica

from Natural Secondary Forest into Fruit-Timber Forest

Sun Dequan

(Baoshan Forest Farm,Fengcheng City,Dandong 118123,China)

AbstractTechnology of cultivating Juglans mandshurica from natural secondary forest into fruit-timber forest was studied based on current distribution of natural secondary forest of Juglans mandshurica.Result shows that the reserved density of Juglans mandshurica is from 22 trees (5 m×6 m) to 16 trees (5 m×8 m) per 667m2 in middle-aged fruiting period; crown density of matured Juglans mandshurica adjust from 0.60 to 0.65;lopping increase by 0.875 times higher than that of CK by adopting regeneration technology,and nut quantity is 2.33 times than that of the control. The growth of shoots is 43.1 times more than that of the control. Cold proof of Juglans mandshurica can increase height growth,ground diameter & crown growth of 22.6%,16.7%,21.4% ,respectively.

Key wordsJuglansmandshurica; natural secondary forest; fruit-timber forest

据辽宁森林资源[1]显示，丹东地区天然林面积66.592 5万hm2,其中胡桃楸面积是1.702 94万 hm2。大部分以天然次生林的状态分布于各市县林区,呈散状、线状和片状分布。随着山区林业经济的调整和市场需求状况的改善，目前，天然次生林的山胡桃楸无论是产量还是蓄积量都低于针叶用材林的水平，但市场对针叶树种木材的价格正在逐年下降，而对胡桃楸木材和果实的需求量正在逐年提高，如何把现有核桃楸的天然次生林充分利用起来并发挥较大的经济效益，已成为辽东山区森林经营和发展山区经济的焦点。因此探讨胡桃楸天然次生林改培技术已成为一个重要的研究课题。本文依据辽东山区凤城、本溪和宽甸地区胡桃楸天然次生林的经营现状，总结出一套实用的胡桃楸改培技术。

1试验方法