一种新型双环宽带圆极化微带天线设计

苏丹,朱永忠,邓欣,刘颖

(武警工程大学 研究生大队,陕西 西安710086)

摘要针对微带天线存在固有频段窄、辐射效率低,且难以获得高增益的问题,设计制作了一种新型双环宽带圆极化微带天线。天线贴片单元采用由槽型环和带状环组成的槽带状结构。槽型环和带状环分别在频率较低部分和频率较高部分各提供一个最小轴比值,通过两个最小轴比值的适当结合达到明显的带宽增强效果。天线利用宽带巴伦结构进行馈电,有效增强了阻抗匹配。通过参数优化和实物制作,仿真与实测结果表明,该天线的阻抗带宽(VSWR≤2)和3 dB轴比带宽分别达到了37%和29.8%,增益达到6.4 dB。

关键词双环;宽带圆极化;微带天线

收稿日期:2015-06-13

基金项目:国家自然基金资助项目(61302051);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2012JQ8026);武警工程大学基础基金资助项目(WJY201309)

作者简介:苏丹(1990—),女,硕士研究生。研究方向:微波技术与天线。E-mail:sudan19901021@sina.com。朱永忠(1980—),男,博士后,副教授,博士生导师。研究方向:电磁场数值计算等。

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2015.12.042

中图分类号TN821+.1文献标识码A

A Novel Design of the Dual Loop Broadband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna

SU Dan,ZHU Yongzhong,DENG Xin,LIU Ying

(Graduate Brigade,Engineering University of CAPF,Xi’an 710086,China)

AbstractA new type of dual loop broadband circularly polarized antenna is designed and fabricated to overcome the microstrip antenna’s disadvantages of narrow inherent frequency band,low radiation efficiency,and small possibility of high gains.The patch unit of the antenna uses the slot/strip configuration composed of a slot loop and a strip loop.The slot loop offers a minimum AR point at a lower frequency while the strip loop offers a minimum AR point at a higher frequency.An appropriate combination of the two minimum AR points can result in a significant enhancement for the circularly polarized bandwidth.A broadband balun is used for the feeding of the antenna and the impedance matching.Simulation and measurement results of the fabricated antenna with optimized parameters exhibit a broadband impedance bandwidth (VSWR≤2) of,37% an axial ratio (≤3 dB) of 29.8%,and a gain up to 6.4 dB.

Keywordsdual loop;broadband circularly polarized;microstrip antenna

在天线的研究设计中,微带天线由于具有体积小、剖面低、重量轻、易集成、可共形等优点而受到广泛青睐,但也存在固有频段窄、辐射效率低和难获高增益的缺点。而由于圆极化天线拥有可接受任意来波、旋向正交性、抗干扰能力强等优势,高性能的圆极化微带天线的需求越来越多、应用越来越广泛。在诸多应用中,人们希望天线可工作在更宽的频段,以确保更多功能的实现。……