废除“马甲”之际的反思
——基于974份报道案例的实证研究

苏新建

(浙江工商大学 法学院,杭州 310018)

摘要：根据1996—2014年《法制日报》报道的974份刑事案例进行分析,发现自1996年以来,在法庭上穿“马甲”的刑事被告人的数量没有减少,呈现出反复和上升的趋势;刑事被告人是否穿“马甲”受到其身份、所犯罪行和文化程度的影响。这说明我们的司法机关还未能充分保障刑事被告人的尊严和权利,且未能做到平等地对待刑事被告人。最近出台的《最高人民法院关于全面深化人民法院改革的意见》已经明确禁止刑事被告人在法庭上穿“马甲”,但隐藏于“马甲”背后的司法偏见仍须慢慢祛除。

关键词:法庭;诉讼;刑事被告人;马甲;程序

收稿日期：2015-03-29

基金项目：司法部项目“基于程序正义的司法公信力评估及提升对策研究——主观程序正义的视角”(13SFB5005)

作者简介：苏新建,男,浙江工商大学法学院副教授,法学博士,主要从事法理学和司法制度研究。

中图分类号：DF8文献标志码：A

Reflection on the Abolishment the Vest

—A Positive Study Based on 974 Reported Cases

SU Xin-jian

(SchoolofLaw,ZhejiangGongshangUniversity,Hangzhou310018,China)

Abstract:Database is built according to the collection of the data from criminal cases which were reported on Legal Daily from 1996 to 2014. The analyses of those 974 samples show that from 1996 the number of the vests appears in the courts increases and that the identity, the crime committed as well as the education background of the defendant influence whether he wears a vest in the court. It can be seen that the judicial system does not follow the requirements of procedural justice, does not treat the suspects with dignity and does not treat the suspects equally. The vest in the court will be terminated after the new measure which is called Supreme People’s Court 4th 5 Year Court Reform Plan. However, it takes time to drive out the bias behind the vest.

Key words: court; litigation; criminal defendant; vest; procedure

一、引言

2015年2月26日,最高人民法院公布了《关于全面深化人民法院改革的意见》,明确规定:“禁止让刑事在押被告人或上诉人穿着识别服、“马甲”、囚服*为了表达简洁,本文后面的论述中用“刑事被告人”来指代“刑事被告人或上诉人”,用“马甲”来指代“识别服、马甲、囚服等”。等具有监管机构标识的服装出庭受审。”这个规定进一步明确了刑事审判程序的一些庭审细节要求,更加符合程序正义和法治精神,并因应了国际惯例。*国际……