苗木类型、坡向和坡位对早期杉木林的影响

林锦华

(福建省福安市林业局，福建 宁德 355000)

摘要选择苗木类型、坡向和坡位等3个对闽东北部杉木人工林有影响的因素来进行试验，对不同苗木类型、坡向、坡位影响杉木早期的生长情况进行研究。结果表明：杉木早期生长在不同苗木类型、坡向、坡位之间的成活率、地径和树高均存在显著差异；以A3B2C3组合(扦插苗、半阳坡、坡下)有利杉木的早期生长，该组合3年生杉木地径达5.42 cm、树高达220.4 cm；以A2B1C3组合(插条、阳坡、坡上)不利于杉木的早期生长，3年生杉木地径仅为2.79 cm,树高为119.1 cm。

关键词杉木人工林；苗木类型；坡向；坡位

收稿日期：2015-04-14

作者简介：林锦华(1966-)，男，福建福安人，大专，工程师，从事森林资源培育和管理工作.

中图分类号：S791.27

文献标识码：A

doi:10.13601/j.issn.1005-5215.2015.07.016

AbstractThree factors (type, aspect and slope position) influencing Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in northern Fujian Province were selected to conduct experiments. Effects of types, aspect & slope position of different seedlings on growth of C. lanceolata were studied. Result shows that the survival rate, ground diameter & tree height among types, aspect & slope position of different types ,aspect & slope position of different seedlings for early growth of C. lanceolata all have significant differences;A3B2C3 combination(cutting seedlings, semi-sunny slope, the lower part of the slope) is favorable for early growth of C. lanceolata. The ground diameter and tree height of (3-year-old C. lanceolata ) the combination(A3B2C3) is 5.42 cm,220.4 cm,respectively;A2b1C3 combination(cutting seedlings, sunny slope, the lower part of the slope) is not in favor of early growth of C. lanceolata.Ground diameter and tree height of 3-year-old C. lanceolata is 79 cm and 119.1 cm respectively.

Type,AspectandSlopePositionofSeedlingsof

Cunninghamia lanceolatainEarlyStage

LinJinhua

(BureauofForestry,FuanCity,FujianProvince,Ningde355000,China)

KeywordsCunninghamia lanceolataplantation;typeofseedlings;aspect;slopeposition

杉木〔Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.〕是我国特有的重要用材树种，杉木生长快，栽培区域达16个省(区)，木材优良、用途广，深受群众喜爱[1,2]。闽东北山区地多人少，群众喜爱栽种杉木，种植杉木经验丰富，但缺少有针对性的理论分析与探索，因此选择苗木类型、坡向和坡位等3个对杉木人工林有影响的因素来进行试验，旨在探寻影响杉木生长的主要因素，用于指导林业生产，促进林农经济增收，进一步改善生态环境[3-5]。

1试验地概况

试验地设在福安市范坑乡东洋村，其地理坐标为119°39′E、27°20′N。山场海拔高度为560~710m；属北亚热带季风气候类型，年平均气温15.8 ℃，年平均降水量约2 100mm，无霜期240d,平均相对湿度为82%，土壤亚类为红壤，坡度在20~30°；林下植被为杂草、蕨类、小杂竹、小杂灌、芒类等。……