测量爪极发电机转矩的试验系统设计

吴赛飚,施小豹

(安徽皖南电机股份有限公司，安徽 泾县242500)

摘要：设计了一种测量爪极发电机转矩的试验系统。该试验系统能很好地模拟电机的工作环境。受传感器采样频率的限制，测试的电机工作在低速状态。通过分别对爪极结构上开槽、切边处理后电机转矩测量数据的分析，其激振力波、转矩脉动明显减小，从而在理论上得到很好的验证。

关键词：爪极发电机； 转矩； 试验系统

通讯作者：施小豹

中图分类号：TM 306文献标志码： A

收稿日期:2015-04-22

Experimental Test System Design of Measuring

Claw-pole Generator Torque

WUSaibiao，SHIXiaobao

(Anhui Wannan Electric Machine Co.,Ltd., Jingxian 242500, China)

Abstract：The methods that slotting and side shearing on the claw pole structure, respectively, according to the theoretical analysis were proposed. For verifying the effectiveness of the methods, an experimental test system of measuring claw-pole generator torque was presented, and the test system was a good simulation of the generator working environment. Since the limitation of sampling frequency of the sensor, the test motor operated at low-speed state. Finally, the torque measurement data were analyzed aimed at the claw-pole generator with slotting and side shearing claw pole structures. It showed that the exciting force wave, torque ripple was significantly reduced, respectively. The theory had been well verified.

Key words： claw-pole generator; torque; test system

0引言

爪极发电机制造简单、成本低，广泛应用于汽车供电。随着现代汽车中电力负载的日益增长，对汽车电气系统的需求也相应增加。当汽车蓄电池电量不足或者开起汽车空调等大功率电器时，爪极发电机开始发电运行。作为一种机电设备，它也是汽车的一个主要振动、噪声源，特别是低速、怠速状态。近年来随着汽车工业的发展，导航、音响等电器系统逐渐成为汽车标准配置，要求降低汽车振动、噪声值，提高驾驶内仓舒适度。研究爪极发电机振动、噪声，对促进汽车工业的发展有着重要价值和战略意义。

爪极发电机的一个共同缺点是由磁钢与爪极之间的吸引力引起的脉动转矩。它可定义为转子转动时，气隙几何形状与尺寸或电机主磁路磁导的改变而引起的随转子角呈周期性变化的无效转矩。脉动转矩对电机性能产生有害的影响,例如引起转速振荡、转子定位误差、振动和噪声等。……