平交路口交通信号控制仿真器的开发
2015-11-09王晓红李国瑞
王晓红++李国瑞



摘 要: 针对平交路口交通信号控制的问题设计了基于单片机的交通信号控制仿真器。仿真器的设计分系统硬件设计和软件设计。硬件设计中采用STC89C55单片机为控制器,红外光电对管用于车辆检测模块,通过移位寄存器SN74HC595和SN74HC164实现对16×16点阵的控制并配以按键模块及电源模块;软件设计包括对各主模块及子模块流程图的设计,源代码的编写等。最终实现的模拟装置,可以利用相应按键实现对交通流自动调整、限制左转、单向等交通控制策略的模拟。设计解决了实际中耗资大、不易模拟的难题,并在最大程度上保证交通的安全和畅通。
关键词: 道路交通管理与控制; STC89C55; 仿真器; 信号灯控制
中图分类号: TN710?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2015)21?0162?05
Development of traffic signal control simulator for level crossing
WANG Xiaohong, LI Guorui
(School of Electronic and Control Engineering, Changan University, Xian 710064, China)
Abstract: According to the control problem of traffic signal for the level crossing, a traffic signal control simulator based on microcontroller was designed. The design of the simulator is consisted of hardware design and software design. In hardware design, STC89C55 microcontroller is taken as the controller, and the infrared photoelectric tube is used as the vehicle detection module. The control of 16×16 dot matrix is realized by the shifting register SN74HC595 and SN74HC164, and the key module and power module are matched. The software design includes the designs of each main module and sub modules inflow charts, and the compiling of source code. The implemented simulator can simulate the automatic adjustment, left?turning limitation, one?way passing, and other traffic control strategies of the traffic flow by the corresponding keys. The design can solve the problems of large cost and difficult to simulate in practical, and ensure the safe and unobstructed traffic at the most extent.
Keywords: road traffic management and control; STC89C55; simulator; signal light control
0 引 言
近年来,随着政策目标的日益复杂以及交通需求的不断增长,城市交通控制在不断演变。城市交通控制系统是涵盖城市交通数据检测、城市交通信号灯控制以及城市交通疏导的综合管理系统,是城市现代化进程中的重要组成部分[1]。实践证明,智能交通系统(Intelligent Traffic System,ITS)能够有效地提高系统效率、减少交通拥挤、达到节能减排的效果[2?3]。交通信号机作为系统中控制算法的载体,既是交通管理、交通控制和数据挖掘的平台,也是最有执行力的执行单元[4]。
早期智能交通控制研究主要采用模糊逻辑方法,并取得了较好的成效[5?7]。然而简单的模糊处理会降低控制的精度从而导致规则难以总结,采用试凑法获取的量化因子、比例因子等参数则包含了过多的人为因素,反复的测试也造成了设计过程缺乏系统性。……
