肖瑶华　罗永明

[摘要] 目的 探讨面部烧伤中五官具体部位的细节护理，为面部烧伤的护理提供依据。 方法 选取本院2012年3月～2014年3月的100例面部烧伤患者，按照临床试验数字法随机分为对照组和观察组，每组50例。对照组采用常规的护理模式进行护理，观察组在对照组基础上给予五官具体部位的细节护理，观察两组患者的预后情况及并发症发生情况。 结果 观察组患者创面愈合时间及住院天数分别为（9.7±1.3）和（14.2±2.8） d，显著短于对照组的（13.2±1.8）和（18.4±2.6） d，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患者烧伤部位色素沉着和瘢痕增生的发生率分别为22.00%和20.00%，均低于对照组的48.00%和44.00%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组并发症发生率为2.00%，显著低于对照组的10.00%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 加强五官具体部位的细节护理可以减少并发症发生，值得临床推广。

[关键词] 面部烧伤；细节护理；五官部位；并发症

[中图分类号] R473.76 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2015）09（a）-0180-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the detail nursing observation on the specific parts of the five sense organs in facial burn in order to provide theoretical basis for nursing in facial burn. Methods 100 patients with facial burn in our hospital from March 2012 to March 2014 were selected.According to random number table in clinical trial，they were evenly divided into control group and observation group，50 cases in each group.In the control group，conventional nursing mode was applied，while in observation group，on the basis of the control group，detail nursing on the specific parts of the five sense organs was provided. The prognosis and occurrence of complications in two groups was observed. Results The healing time and hospital stay in observation group were respectively （9.7±1.3） and （14.2±2.8） d，which were shorter than those in the control group[（13.2±1.8），（18.4±2.6） d] in turn，the difference was significant（P<0.05）.Incidences of hyperpigmentation and scar hyperplasia in burnt parts in observation group were 22.00% and 20.00%，which were lower than those in the control group（48.00% and 44.00%），the difference was significant （P<0.05）.The incidence of complications in observation group was 2.00%，greatly lower than 10.00% of control group，the difference was significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Intensification of detail nursing on specific parts of the five sense organs can reduce the occurrence of complications，which is worthy of clinical promotion.

[Key words] Facial burn；Detail nursing；Five sense organs；Complication

面部是比较特殊的部位，无论是美观还是生理功能都非常特殊，且面部皮肤皮下组织松弛，血管和皮脂腺丰富，一旦皮肤烧伤后分泌物较多，创面易感染，组织水肿较严重，如不及时治疗则可能引起色素沉积和瘢痕形成，甚至更多更严重的并发症导致面部畸形，严重影响患者的恢复，使得患者的身心受到严重打击，因此，无论是临床治疗还是治疗时的护理都非常关键[1-3]。目前研究[4]发现，对面部烧伤患者实施优质护理可显著提高治疗后的效果及降低并发症发生率。细节化护理是目前护理工作的一个重要趋势，且随着人们对健康需求的提高，患者对护理服务质量的要求随之增高[5]。本研究对面部烧伤患者实施细节化护理，加强五官细节护理取得了较好的效果，现将结果报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取本院2012年3月～2014年3月的100例面部烧伤患者，均排除心功能不全、肝肾功能不全、神经精神系统疾病以及其他部位烧伤的患者。……