唯美生治疗晚期肝癌3例临床护理
2015-10-21杨裕红
杨裕红
【摘要】 目的:探讨碘131I肿瘤细胞核人鼠嵌合单克隆抗体注射液(唯美生)治疗晚期肝癌患者的护理。方法:术前对患者进行积极有效的心理干预和支持,介绍该项治疗的必要性、安全性和优越性,缓解患者焦虑、恐惧情绪;指导患者进行呼吸训练,以更好地适应和配合手术;术后严密观察肝肾功能及腹部疼痛等症状及注意放射防护,并进行系统有效的护理,预防并发症的发生。结果:患者经治疗和护理后,药物在肝癌组织浓聚明显,未发生严重并发症。结论:肝癌患者行唯美生治疗过程中的精心护理可减少术后并发症的发生,使患者的生活质量提高。
【关键词】肝癌;靶向;放射性核素;护理
【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the nursing of 131I –chTNT treatment in advanced liver cancer. Methods: Before surgery ,we carried out effective psychological intervention and support , introduced the necessity , safety and superiority about the treatment , to relieved patient anxiety and fear. And the guide of breath training let patients better adapt to the surgery. After surgery, monitored the function of liver and kidney , observed the symptom of abdominal others, and used effective nursing measures to prevent the complications. Results: After treatment and care of patients, drug was concentration in the liver tissue, and the complication incidence rate was significantly reduced. Conclusion: The intensive care on liver cancer patients using Vivatuxin treatment can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and improve the quality of life of patients.
【Key words】 hepatocellular carcinoma; targeting; radionuclides; nursing.
【中图分类号】R735.7 【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1004-4949(2015)02-0079-01
肝癌是一种严重威胁人类生命健康的恶性肿瘤,目前,手术切除仍被认为是肝癌的首选、最有效的治疗方法,但绝大多数肝癌患者就诊时已经到了中晚期,失去了手术的最佳时期[1], 对于大多数不能手术的HCC,动脉化疗栓塞(Transarterial Chemoembolization,TACE)是首选的治疗方法。外照射治疗(External Radiotherapy,ERT)联合TACE对于HCC伴门静脉癌栓的疗效显著,但是3周内若全肝累积照射剂量达到28~35 Gy时,则有肝脏和相毗邻的脏器(如胃、十二指腸和肾脏)功能损害的风险,因此限制了临床应用[2]。近年来以肝动脉内注入放射性药物,如 131I-碘油和99Y微球,使放射性核素选择性滞留在肝脏肿瘤组织内而正常肝组织低于耐受剂量的内照射治疗(internal radiotherapy,IRT)得到了发展[3]。其中以HCC相关抗原为靶向,利用抗原和抗体特异性结合使放射性核素靶向聚集于肿瘤局部病灶的放射免疫治疗(Radioimmunotherapy,RAIT)尤其受到重视[4、5] 。……
