张敬敏 李艳霞

摘要：

为探索谷氨酸发酵废液农业利用可行性，利用控制条件下的田间小区试验，研究了不同施肥处理对土壤养分和水稻产量的影响。结果表明，单施谷氨酸发酵废液处理M、等氮量配施谷氨酸发酵废液处理FM1和减量施肥配施谷氨酸发酵废液处理FM2的土壤有机质分别比单施无机肥处理F提高50.61%、52.41%和22.52%；处理M的土壤全盐量最高，其次是FM1，分别比处理F提高51.16%和11.63%，且差异达显著水平；处理M的pH值显著低于其他处理；施谷氨酸发酵废液各处理可显著提高土壤有效磷、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁和有效锰含量；处理FM1的产量较单施无机肥F显著提高了14.05%，其他处理间无显著差异。

关键词：谷氨酸发酵废液；水稻；土壤养分；产量

中图分类号：S141.8文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2015）05-0061-04

Effects of Glutamate Fermentative Waste onSoil Nutrients and Rice Yield

Zhang Jingmin1， Li Yanxia2

（1. Weifang University of Science and Technology， Shouguang 262700， China；

2. Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Jining 272031， China）

AbstractIn order to explore the agricultural utilization feasibility of glutamate fermentative waste， the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nutrients and rice yield were studied by plot experiment in field under controlled conditions. The results showed that： compared with the single application of inorganic fertilizer （F）， the application of single glutamate fermentative waste （M）， glutamate fermentative waste combined with equal nitrogen fertilizer （FM1） and glutamate fermentative waste combined with reduced nitrogen fertilizer （FM2） could significantly increase the soil organic matter by 50.61%，52.41% and 22.52% respectively. Treatment M had the highest soil salt content， and next came treatment FM1. The soil salt content of treatment M and FM1 increased significantly by 51.16% and 11.63% respectively compared with the treatment F. The pH value of treatment M was significantly lower than the other treatments. The content of available phosphorus， available copper， available zinc， available iron and available manganese in soil were increased by the application of glutamate fermentative waste. The yield of treatment FM1 significantly increased by 14.05% compared to the treatment F， while there were no significant differences between the other treatments.

Key wordsGlutamate fermentative waste； Rice； Soil nutrients；Yield

研究表明，植物长期生长在矿质、有机氮共存的环境中，不仅能吸收无机氮，而且可单独利用氨基酸等小分子有机氮。而目前我国氨基酸肥料种类繁多，价格昂贵，因而不易推广。现研究发现，某些发酵工业废液中含有复合氨基酸，用于农作物生产，可明显提高作物产量。为获取低成本的氨基酸肥料，利用工业发酵废弃物的有机成分，研究其在农业生产中的应用，不仅可解决工业企业废液处理问题，而且可促进氨基酸有机氮营养研究，对工农业生产具有重要意义。许玉兰等用生产胱氨酸产生的废液，在水稻上进行肥效试验，结果表明水稻苗期转绿快，分蘖多，产量较用磷酸一铵处理增产25%以上，与磷酸二铵处理的产量持平。……