基于二维模型的电梯井道空气流动分析
2015-09-16刘志仁杨韡
刘志仁+杨韡



摘要: 为研究电梯井道尺寸和电梯运行速度等对井道空气流动的影响,建立二维电梯井道模型,利用FLUENT对井道空气流动进行数值模拟.通过量纲分析和试验设计,针对不同阻塞比和雷诺数,选取60个样本点进行数值模拟,并建立流场参数的响应面.基于响应面的分析可知:轿厢阻力因数和井道空气最大流速比(最大流速与电梯运行速度之比)主要与阻塞比有关,并随阻塞比增大而变大;阻塞比和雷诺数都对轿厢表面的湍流强度和无量纲流场平均涡量都有影响.
关键词: 电梯井道; 空气流动; 响应面; 量纲分析; 试验设计; 计算流体力学
中图分类号: TU857文献标志码: B
Abstract: To study the effect of elevator shaft size and elevator speed on air flow in shaft, a 2D elevator shaft model is built and the air flow in shaft is simulated by FLUENT. By dimensional analysis and design of experiment, sixty sample points with different blockage ratio and Reynolds number are selected to perform numerical simulation and the response surfaces of the parameters of air flow field are built. The analysis on response surfaces show that, both the drag factor of cage and the maximum velocity ratio (ratio of maximum velocity and elevator speed) are mainly influenced by the blockage ratio, and they increase with the increase of the blockage ratio; both the drag ratio and the Reynolds number have some effect on the urbulence intensity on cage surface and nondimensional average vorticity.
Key words: elevator shaft; air flow; response surface; dimensional analysis; design of test; computational fluid dynamics
收稿日期: 2014[KG*9〗08[KG*9〗05修回日期: 2014[KG*9〗09[KG*9〗17
作者简介: 刘志仁(1986—),男,湖南耒阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为空气动力学、气动声学以及振动与噪声分析,(Email)hnanlzr@163.com0引言
电梯轿厢在井道里运行时,其活塞效应会对前方的空气进行挤压,使空气通过轿厢与井道间的狭隘空隙绕过轿厢向后流动.空气在流过狭隘空隙时,运动速度会提高,流动的形态也会变得更加混乱.这些被加速的空气反过来也对轿厢产生影响,从而增加电梯运行过程中的阻力、噪声和振动.[14]
一般认为,轿厢表面的湍流会对轿厢形成波动载荷,强迫其振动,进而使其结构产生振动声辐射,对轿厢内产生较大噪声影响.[5]另外,根据涡声理论,低马赫数条件下的等熵绝热流体产生流体动力场和辐射声场的基本且唯一的源是涡.[67]流场中涡……
