杨榕源　叶小玲

[摘要]目的 分析由金黄色葡萄球菌导致的医院感染的临床特点和耐药特征。方法 分析导致该院67例患者发生医院感染的危险因素及耐药特点，采用全自动细菌鉴定仪对分离的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株进行鉴定，采用纸片扩散法（K-B法）进行药物敏感性试验。结果 67例医院感染患者共分离出75株金黄色葡萄球菌，其中包括61株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和14株甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性明显高于甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（P<0.05）。67例患者均存在严重的基础疾病，其中59例患者临床治疗接受过侵入性操作，发生感染的部位主要为肺部。结论 金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染的发病群体主要为病情严重，接受过侵入性操作治疗的患者，感染部位主要为肺部，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌对对数抗菌药物具有高耐药性。

[关键词]金黄色葡萄球菌；医院感染；耐药性；耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌

[中图分类号]R5 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-0742（2015）04（b）-0064-02

Clinical Analysis of Nosocomial Infection Caused by Staphylococcus Aureus

YANG Rongyuan YE Xiaoling

Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University， Zhangzhou， Fujian Province，363000 China

[Abstract]Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and the resistance characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus. Methods The resistance characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus and the risk factors that caused the nosocomial infections in 67 patients of our hospital were analyzed. The automated bacterial identification system was used to identify separated Staphylococcus aureus strains. Drug sensitivity test was conducted by disk diffusion technique （K-B method）. Results 75 Staphylococcus aureus were separated from 67 patients with nosocomial infections， including 61 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 14 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was significantly higher than that of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus （P <0.05）. Underlying diseases were found in 67 patients ， among them， 59 patients with Pulmonary infection had received invasive operation during clinical treatment. Conclusion Nosocomial infection caused by Staphylococcus Aureus usually occurs in patients who have received treatment containing invasive procedures and who are suffering from Pulmonary infection， and the resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was much higher.

[Key words]Staphylococcus aureus； Nosocomial infection； Drug resistance； Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

相关医学数据调查显示近年来我国金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染患者的数量不断增多，金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性也在不断提高[1]。尤其是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染患者，病死率呈逐年增长趋势，已引起的临床治疗的高度重视[2]。为降低金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染患者的发生率，该次研究对该院2013年9月—2014年9月期间在该院住院治疗的67例患者发生金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染的危险因素和金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药特点进行了分析，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

整群选取在该院接受住院治疗，发生金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染的67例患者参与该次研究。其中男32例，女35例，平均年龄为51.2岁。67例患者的家属均同意患者参与该次研究，且在参与研究前已签署知情同意书。……