多系统萎缩临床特征分析
2015-08-29陈勇
陈勇
[摘要] 目的 通过对多系统萎缩的典型病例分析及文献复习加深对MSA的理解,提高早期诊断水平。方法 对53例符合MSA临床诊断标准的病人,回顾分析其临床特片、肛门括约肌电图和MRI表现,并复习文献。结果 20例MSA-C和33例MSA-P,最早期症状是排尿障碍或男性勃起障碍,18例有体位性低血压,MSA-C的主要运动症状是姿势型共济失调,MSA-P的主要运动症状是强直和运动困难,37例记录到肛门括约肌电图失神经改变。 结论 临床症状和体征的甄别,自主神经症状的发现和识别是准确诊断的的关键,电生理和MRI检查能为诊断提供启示。
[关键词] 多系统萎缩;主神经;共济失调;帕金森征
[中图分类号] R742 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2015)06(c)-0049-02
[Abstract] Objective To deepen the understanding of MSA and improve its clinical diagnosis by analysis of the typical cases and literature review. Methods For the 53 cases which accord with the clinical diagnostic criteria of MSA, we review the clinical features, MMG and pertinent literature. Results Twenty of the 53 cases is MSA-C, and the other twenty-three are MSA-P. The earliest symptoms are urinary dysfunction or male erectile disorder, 18 cases shows posturalhypotension. The motor symptoms of MSA-C is posture ataxia and MSA-P are tetany and dyskinesia. 48 cases showed positive bilateral pathologic sign and Anal sphincter electromyography neurogenic change. Conclusion The key of how to diagnosis correctly are discriminating the clinical symptoms and sign, and discovering and distinguishing the vegetative nervous symptoms, and combining with Electrophysiology and MRl can bring enlightenment to the diagnosis.
[Key words] Multiple system atrophy; Vegetative nervous ; Atactic; Parkinson
多系统萎缩(MSA)是一种散发的、进行性的、多系统相继受累的神经变性病。传统概念包含 Shy-Drager综合征、橄榄脑桥小脑萎缩和纹状体黑质变性,复杂而模糊。目前将MSA分为 MSA-P和MSA-C两个亚型,概念才变得清晰。由于认识不足并缺少敏感性和特异性高的辅助检查方法,早期病例识别较困难。为通过对多系统萎缩的典型病例分析及文献复习加深对MSA的理解,提高早期诊断水平,现从2008年1月—2015年2月间该院收治的符合多系统萎缩临床拟诊条件的53例病人着手,进行临床特征分析,并做文献复习,报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
男性33例,女性20例,共计53例病人,年龄45~71岁;就诊前病程0.8~11年,平均3.5年。全组病例均为隐匿起病且呈缓慢地进行发展;皆无明显的家族聚集现象和其他可解释病情的全身性疾病。……
