MicroRNA—486—5p在头颈部常见恶性肿瘤中的研究进展
2015-08-29张晨王斌全
张晨?王斌全
[摘要]甲状腺癌、鼻咽癌及喉癌是头颈部常见恶性肿瘤,随着对其研究的深入,人们对其发生发展越来越了解。MicroRNA-486-5p自其发现以来,对于其在癌症发生发展中所起到的作用已经被越来越多的人重视,随着近些年来理论水平不断进步以及依赖仪器的不断更新换代,人们对于miR-486-5p的理解也进入了新的阶段。该文将综述在头颈部常见恶性肿瘤中miR-486-5p的研究现状以及未来展望。
[关键词]甲状腺癌;鼻咽癌;喉鳞状细胞癌;microRNA-486-5p
[中图分类号]R59 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-0742(2015)04(b)-0197-02
The Research Progress of Common Malignant Tumors for MicroRNA-486-5p in the Head and Neck
ZHANG Chen1 WANG Binquan2
1.Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001 China;2.The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001 China
[Abstract] Thyroid cancer, nasopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer are common cancers of head and neck, with the depth of its research, people are learning more and more about its occurrence and development. MicroRNA-486-5p since its discovery, there has been more and more people pay attention to the role played by its occurrence and development in cancer, as in recent years, with the advances in theoretical level and relies constantly upgrading equipment, people for miR-486-5p understanding has entered a new stage. This article provides an overview of common research status in head and neck cancer in miR-486-5p and future prospects.
[Key words] Thyroid Cancer; Nasopharyngeal; squamous Carcinoma of larynx; microRNA-486-5p
进入21世纪,恶性肿瘤死亡率呈逐年上升的趋势,仍然是影响人类生命健康的重要疾病,中国由于人口的逐渐老龄化,以及吸烟 、感染等问题的存在,肿瘤防治所面临的形势极为严峻[1]。随着分子生物学的发展,人们对肿瘤的认识也在不断加深,Hanahan等将肿瘤的发生发展归结为几个步骤,即阻止细胞增值的信号失灵、促进细胞分化的信号失灵、细胞获得持续增值能力、凋亡机制失衡、具备了侵袭能力及可诱导血管生成[2]。伴随着人类基因组学以及肿瘤相关分子生物学的不断深入,肿瘤的早期筛查与诊断,基因芯片与靶药物的使用等都将有可能在临床上实现。
1 MicroRNA概述
MicroRNAs是一组非编码小RNA,其长度为20~22 nt,并且在不同物种中高度保守,在细胞分化、增值、凋亡等多方面有着重要的作用。近些年对microRNA 的研究日益升温,伴随着技术水平的不断提高,对microRNA表达谱进行分析,不仅可使人们能区分正常组织与肿瘤组织,还可以明确细胞分化程度以及,从而为患者制定更加合理的治疗方案。……
