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替罗非班在老年急性 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死急诊PCI的疗效分析

2015-08-29何卫斌

中外医疗 2015年11期

何卫斌

[摘要]目的 探讨在冠状动脉介入术(PCI) 前开始静脉使用盐酸替罗非班治疗老年急性 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI) 患者的疗效和安全性。方法 入选78例老年 STEMI 患者,分为试验组(n=40) 和对照组(n=38)。对照组按急性心梗给予阿司匹林、氯吡格雷等常规药物治疗,试验组在对照组基础上加用盐酸替罗非班治疗,观察替罗非班对患者手术前后TIMI血流分级、术后30 d和60 d不良心脏事件(MACE)、出血情况。结果 术后两组 TTIMI3级血流分级、术后30 d和60 dMACE发生率 (主要是心绞痛和再发心肌梗死率) ,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而试验组和对照组出血并发症无差别。(P>0.05)。结论 替罗非班能改善PCI手术前后的 TIMI 血流,有利于改善急性心梗缺血心肌的供血,同时未增加出血的风险。

[关键词]替罗非班; 心肌梗死; 经皮冠状动脉介入术

[中图分类号]R541.4 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-0742(2015)4(b)-0126-02

Tirofiban in Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Curative Effect Analysis of Elderly Acute ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction

HE Weibin

Department of Cardiology Pingdingshan First Peoples Hospital PingDingShan467000 China

[Abstract]Objective To discuss the curative effect of tirofiban on myocardial reperfusion used before percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in the old patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods A total of 78 old patients acute STEMI were enrolled in the trial from Jan.2011 to Dec.2013;they were randomly divided into 2 groups:tirofiban group(n=40) and placebo group(n=38).The control group was given aspirin and clopidogrel and other drugs,and the tirofiban group,tirofiban besides routine treatment. The influences of tirofiban on coronary blood flow,30 days mace and 60 days mace (especially angina pectoris and myocardial infarction cardiac infarction) and bleeding were observed.Results The occurrence of TIMI grade 1 flow before PCI,and occurrence of TIMI grade 3 and 2 after PCI in the tirofivan group were superior to those in the control group (P<0.05).The comparisons in 30 days mace and 60 days mace (especially angina pectoris and myocardial infarction cardiac infarction) after PCI between two groups showed statistical differences (P<0.05).The percentage of mild bleeding was 10.0% in the tirofiban group and 10.53% in the control group and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Tirofiban can improve TIMI flow before and after PCI and is helpful to reperfusion of ischemia myocardial,but dont increases the risk of mild bleeding.

[Key Words] Tirofiban;Myocardial infarction;Percutaneous coronary intervention

在STEMI临床治疗中,阿司匹林、氯吡格雷双抗血小板药物已常规应用,糖蛋白受体(GP)Ⅱb/Ⅲa拮抗剂替罗非班以其独特抗血小板的作用,临床上国产替罗非班已在全国大多数医院普遍使用,本文旨在探讨替罗非班在老年STEM治疗中的疗效和安全性,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取该院2011年1月—2013年12月,共78例住院经冠状动脉造影确认梗死相关动脉且行急诊PCI的老年STEMI患者,分为对照组及试验组,对照组38例,其中男性32例,女性6例,年龄(66.5±6.4)岁;试验组40例,其中男性33例,女性 7例,年龄(65.8±5.7)岁,两组年龄、性别、病情无明显统计学差异;STEMI诊断标准:STEMI诊断和治疗指南2010中国。排除发病时间>12 h,1个月内有重大手术、外伤,出血性疾病,脑血管意外和血小板减少症,有抗血小板药物过敏史、感染、肝肾功能障碍的患者。

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