李少玉++++++陈璐

[摘要] 目的 通过对门诊处方进行点评和用药分析，以提高处方质量，促进合理用药。 方法 随机抽取2012年1月—2013年12月门诊处方共36 000张，按处方点评指标进行点评及分析。结果 合理处方占比由93.89%上升到97.80%，每张处方平均用药品种数由3.12种降为2.27种，抗菌药物使用率控制较好为17.91%和14.29%，注射剂使用率由24.5%降至20.31%，国家基本药物品种使用率由9.14%上升到10.32%，不合理用药比例由6.11%降至2.20%。不合理处方主要为不规范处方，用药不适宜处方，2013年未发现超常用药处方。 结论 门诊处方合格率较高，合理用药国际指标大多控制较好。通过处方点评，可及时发现处方中不合理用药情况，提出合理的改进建议，从而提高合理用药水平。

[关键词] 门诊处方；点评分析；合理用药

[中图分类号] R95 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2015）01（a）-0020-03

Review of the Outpatient Prescriptions and Analysis of the Rational Use of Drugs in The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from 2012 to 2013

LI Shaoyu CHEN Lu

Department of Pharmacy， The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province， Kunming， Yunnan Province， 650021， China

[Abstract] Objective To comment the outpatient prescriptions and analyze the drug use so as to improve the quality of prescriptions and promote the rational use of drugs. Methods A total of 36000 prescriptions during 2012～2013 were randomly selected and commented and analyzed in accordance with the prescription review indicators. Results The proportion of reasonable prescriptions increased to 97.80% from 93.89%， the average drug varieties of each prescription decreased from 3.12 to 2.27， the usage of antimicrobial drugs decreased from 17.91% to 14.29%， which showed it was controlled well， the injection using rate decreased from 24.5% to 20.31%， the utilization rate of the national essential drug varieties increased to 10.32% from 9.14%， the unreasonable medication rate deceased from 6.11% to 2.20%. The unreasonable prescriptions mainly were non-standard prescriptions and prescriptions of inappropriate use of drug. The prescriptions of abnormal drug use were not found in 2013. Conclusion The qualified rate of the outpatient prescriptions is high， and most international indicators of rational use of drugs are controlled well. By prescription review， the irrational use of drugs in prescriptions can be found timely， and rational suggestions can be put forward in order to improve the level of rational use of drugs.

[Key words] Outpatient prescriptions； Review analysis； Rational use of drugs

处方点评是近年来在我国医院管理系统中发展起来的用药监管模式，是医院持续医疗质量改进和药品临床应用管理的重要组成部分，是提高临床药物治疗水平的重要手段。卫生部《处方管理办法》规定，医疗机构应当建立处方点评制度，填写处方评价表，对处方实施动态监测及超常预警，对不合理用药及时予以干预。遵照此办法及《医院处方点评管理规范（试行）》规定，该院建立了处方点评制度，2012年1月—2013年12月每月随机抽取部分门诊处方，对处方的各项基本指标进行统计、分析，对不合理用药情况进行点评，并为制订有效的干预措施提供依据，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

资料来源于该院门诊处方，每月随机抽取15 00张（不包括麻醉药品、精神药品处方），每年18 000张，共36 000张。……