曾克辉

在学习定语从句时，许多同学对during which和during which time的用法混淆不清，认为它们没有什么区别，甚至认为during which time中的time是多余的。其实，during which和during which time在用法上是不一样的。现归纳如下：

during which的用法

during which相当于during the time/the period/the course of ...，既可用于限制性定语从句，也可用于非限制性定语从句；可指时间，也可指过程或阶段等。意为“在……期间，在……过程中，在……阶段”等。

1. during which 用于限制性定语从句时，修饰对象为先行词，先行词在定语从句中表示“在……期间，在……过程中”。例如：

September and October are the months of the year during which most English people take their holidays.

一年中9、10两个月是大多数英国人休假的月份。

点拨 句中的during which = and during the time of the months of the year，表示“一年中的这两个月间”。

In 1988， Vietnam and china fought a brief naval battle during which more than 70 Vietnamese sailors died.

1988年，越南和中国曾进行过一次小规模海战，70多名越南士兵在战斗中丧生。

点拨 句中的during which = and during the course of the brief naval battle，表示“小规模海战期间”。

2. during which 用于非限制性定语从句时，不修饰整个句子，只修饰句子中的某个词（组），被修饰的词（组），在从句中表“在……期间，在……过程中”。例如：

She kept her vow for a week， during which she was unusually cross and fretful.

她信守誓言有一星期之久，但在这一星期内，她显得五心烦躁，动不动就发脾气。

点拨 句中的during which=and during the time of the week，表示“在这一星期期间”。

He died in the Anti-Japanese War， during which my grandfather fought side by side with him.

他在抗日战争中为国捐躯，在抗战期间，我祖父曾与他并肩战斗过。

点拨 句中的during which=and during the period of the Anti-Japanese War，表示“在抗日战争期间”。

during which time的用法

during which time相当于during the time when/that-clause，指时间概念，表示“在……期间”。

1. during which time通常用于非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的主句，侧重点不在于主句中的时间名词，而是整个句子。例如：

It took two years for me to get better， during which time he spoon-fed me and did absolutely everything around the house.

我过了两年时间才好起来，其间他喂我进食，并承担全部的家务。

点拨 句中的during which time = and during the time when / that it took two years for me to get better 表示“我过了两年时间才好起来”的整个过程。

He spent four years in college， during which time he studied medicine.

他上了四年大学，这期间他学了医学。

点拨 句中的during which time=and during the time when / that he spent four years in college，表示“他上了四年大学”的整个过程。