马国光等

摘要：文章概括了目前国产润滑油剂向节能减排转型升级面临的挑战。介绍了纳米硼酸盐润滑剂的特性、用途、制法和能解决的节能环保实际问题。通过大量试验和应用证明：硼酸盐并非单一性能、单一用途的添加剂，而是迄今为止唯一特点较多、性效较好、用途较广的体系型节能减排润滑剂，在多种油品中可替代或减少硫磷氯氮有害元素，为我国润滑油剂转型升级和赶超国际先进水平创造条件。

关键词：硼酸盐；性效和制法；节能减排；降低成本；添加剂

中图分类号：TE624.82文献标识码：A

Abstract：This paper outlines the challenges that domestic lubricating oil and agent are faced with during the process of transformation and upgrading to energy-saving and emission-reduction. The paper introduces the characteristics，application，producing method of nano-borate lubricant， and the practical problems of energy saving and environmental protection that can be solved. Extensive tests have proven that the borate， far away from single-performance and single-purpose addictives， is very unique in saving energy and reducing emission. The borate， thus far， is the kind of systematic energy-saving and emission-reduction lubricant with the most features， the best efficiency， and the most widely application. The harmful elements，such as sulfur，phosphorus， chlorine and nitrogen in many kinds of oil products， can be replaced or reduced by the borate. The borate creates conditions for China's lubricating oil and agent for realizing transformation， upgrading and catching up with the international advanced level.

Key words：borate； performance and producing method； energy saving and emission-reduction； cost reduction； additive

0引言

目前国内外润滑油剂都面临着环境及能源挑战，亟待向节能减排转型升级。以用量最大的内燃机油为例，不但要求有很好的动力性、经济性和安全性，还要有低黏度、低摩擦、长寿命的节能性和毒性低、气味小、颜色浅、灰分少、污染轻的环保性。为此需要通过技术创新解决若干难题：一是赶超国际先进水平，因高端复合剂和润滑油市场大都被进口名牌占领；二是需要创新出不缩短尾气净化装置寿命，能进一步降低有害气体排放的内燃机油配方，因导致催化剂中毒失效和尾气污染超标的内燃机油仍在大量销用；三是急需开发抗磨性能超过磷酸酯的非磷抗磨剂，因能用于内燃机油的抗磨剂本来就少，而常用的ZDDP也受法规限制；四是应研制出新的摩擦改进剂解决有机钼成本高颜色重的难题，因大力推广节能润滑油需要价廉色浅、摩擦系数极小的减摩剂；……