不同肥料增效剂对烤烟土壤理化特性、生长发育及产质量的影响
2015-08-08金保锋扈强李晓娜陈富彩郑璞帆勾薇高梅李天卫韦成才张立新
金保锋 扈强 李晓娜 陈富彩 郑璞帆 勾薇 高梅 李天卫 韦成才 张立新



摘 要:目的:为了提高肥料利用率,调节烟田土壤供肥保肥能力,进而提高烤烟产质量。方法:采用田间试验,以云烟97作为供试材料,研究施用不同的肥料增效剂对烤烟土壤理化特性、烟叶钾营养、生长发育及产质量的影响。结果:施加不同的肥料增效剂,可以改善土壤理化特性,提高烟叶钾营养,从而促进烤烟生长发育,同时获得较好的产量和经济效益。结论:常规施肥+柠檬酸(54kg/hm2)处理(CA)效果最好,适宜在陕西汉中烟区推广。
关键词:烤烟;肥料增效剂;土壤理化特性;农艺性状;经济性状
中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2015)14-59-04
Effects of Different Fertilizer Synergist on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics and Agronomic Traits and Economic Traits of Flue-cured Tobacco
Jin Baofeng1 et al.
(1Technology Center,Guangdong Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510385,China)
Abstract:A field experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design to investigate the effects of different fertilizer synergist on soil bulk density,potassium content,soil potassium,as well as the agronomic traits and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco (Yunyan97).The results showed that applying different organic fertilizers could improve soil physical and chemical properties,increase potassium content in tobacco leaves,promote flue-cured tobacco growth and get better yield and economic benefits.On the consideration of comprehensive analysis,CA is (conventional fertilization and citric acid,54kg/hm2) the best and suitable for promotion.
Key words:Flue-cured tobacco;Fertilizer synergist;Soil physical and chemical characteristics;Agronomic traits;Economic traits
烟草是一种重要的经济作物,施肥对烟叶产量和品质有着重要的影响,合理施肥是提高烟草产量与品质的重要手段[1-2]。目前,我国植烟土壤肥料施用以化学肥料为主,养分利用效率较低,低于发达国家[3]。氮、磷、钾是烤烟需求量最多的3种元素,其中以氮肥用量对烤烟产量和品质的影响最大[4]。据报道,我国氮肥的当季利用率为30%~35%[5-6],且由于氮素的过量施用,不仅造成了资源浪费和环境污染,而且危及食品安全和人畜健康[7]。
肥料增效剂是近年出现的一种新型添加剂,在烟草生产中应用越来越广泛[2],其含有丰富且价值高的活性菌,具有固氮、解磷、释钾的功能[8]。吴海勇等[9]研究了肥料增效剂对水稻产量及效益的影响,结果表明,施用肥料增效剂有效降低了肥料成本,增加了经济效益。……
