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输液式关节冲洗对膝骨关节炎患者步态时空参数的影响

2015-08-07毕兵等

中国医药导报 2015年15期

毕兵等

[摘要] 目的 探讨输液式关节冲洗并透明质酸钠针对双膝骨关节炎患者步态时空参数及下肢关节活动的影响。 方法 选择2012年5月~2014年1月于自贡市第一人民医院诊治的双膝骨关节炎患者31例,分为实验组(17例)及对照组(14例)。对照组给予常规治疗和透明质酸钠针注射,实验组在对照组基础上给予输液式关节冲洗,治疗5周,治疗前后对患者进行步态分析,对步频、步速、步态周期、步幅等时间距离参数及患者下肢髋膝踝大关节步态中活动角度进行测量,评定治疗效果。 结果 治疗后两组患者步频、步幅、步速[对照组:(78.04±8.78)步/min、(115.38±7.79)cm、(0.76±0.16)m/s;实验组:(91.13±13.60)步/min、(122.25±7.47)cm、(0.95±0.24m/s)]较治疗前[对照组:(72.28±7.49)步/min、(110.17±10.13)cm、(0.70±0.17)m/s;实验组:(70.89±9.18)步/min、(112.37±8.15)cm,(0.68±0.11)m/s]提高,步态周期[对照组为(1.55±0.23)s,实验组为(1.34±0.30)s]较治疗前[对照组为(1.61±0.26)s,实验组为(1.68±0.21)s]缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。治疗后实验组患者的步频、步态周期、步幅、步速均较对照组有明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。同时足跟着地期下肢髋、膝、踝角度[(25.8±2.5)°、(-1.3±0.2)°、(-4.5±2.6°)]及支撑期下肢髋、膝、踝角度[(30.2±3.6)°、(8.7±2.6)°、(-7.2±2.9)°]较对照组[(25.8±2.5)°、(1.9±0.2)°、(-7.4±3.1)°;(29.6±2.2)°、(7.3±2.9)°、(-11.3±2.9)°]明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。 结论 输液式关节冲洗及透明质酸钠针关节腔内注射能够有效地改善膝关节骨性关节炎患者的步态,值得推广应用。

[关键词] 输液式关节冲洗;透明质酸钠;膝骨关节炎;步态分析

[中图分类号] R684 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)05(c)-0088-05

[Abstract] Objective To study the effects of continuous closed drainage on gait time distance parameter of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients. Methods From May 2012 to January 2014, in Zigong First People's Hospital, 31 KOA patients were selected and divided into two groups, control group (14 cases) and experiment group (17 cases). The control group were given conventional therapy and Sodium Hyaluronate drainage, the experiment group were given continuous closed drainage on the basis of the control group. After treating 5 weeks, time distance parameter such as gait analysis, stride frequency, gait speed, gait cycle, stride, and kinematics analysis of major lower limb joint were measured, the treatment effect was evaluated. Results After the treatment, stride frequency, stride, gait speed of two groups [control group: (78.04±8.78) gait/min, (115.38±7.79) cm, (0.76±0.16) m/s; experiment group: (91.13±13.60) gait/min, (122.25±7.47) cm, (0.95±0.24)m/s] were higher than those before the treatment [control group: (72.28±7.49) gait/min, (110.17±10.13) cm, (0.70±0.17) m/s; experiment group: (70.89±9.18) gait/min, (112.37±8.15) cm, (0.68±0.11) m/s], the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). After the treatment, stride frequency, gait speed, gait cycle, stride in experiment group were better than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). At the same time, the angles of hip, keen and ankle joint at the heel land phase [(25.8±2.5)°, (-1.3±0.2)°, (-4.5±2.6°)] and the angles of hip, keen and ankle joint at the stand phase [(30.2±3.6)°, (8.7±2.6)°, (-7.2±2.9)°] significantly proved than control group after treatment [(25.8±2.5)°, (1.9±0.2)°, (7.4±3.1)°; (29.6±2.2)°, (7.3±2.9)°, (-11.3±2.8)°], the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion The treatment of continuous closed drainage and Sodium Hyaluronate drainage are benefit for the gait of KOA patient, it is worth of popularization and application.

[Key words] Continuous closed drainage; Sodium Hyaluronate; Knee osteoarthritis; Gait analysis

骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)又称老年性关节炎,是中老年人群的常见病和多发病,以关节软骨损伤、软骨下骨质暴露、骨赘生成和关节间隙改变等为病理改变的退行性疾病,临床症状主要表现为关节疼痛、僵硬和活动受限,是影响中老年人的生活质量重要因素。由于膝关节是人体负重的关节,因此是最易发病的部位,膝关节受累将导致患者步态异常而加重关节的损伤[1-3]。

步行是人日常正常生活的基本能力,正常的步行功能有赖于正常的各系统关节功能,随着年龄的增长,人体各个系统发生退变,尤其是骨关节……

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