ICU护士岗位轮换认知、角色压力与工作满意度的相关性分析
2015-08-07胡少华等
胡少华等



[摘要] 目的 探讨ICU护士岗位轮换认知、角色压力与工作满意度的相关性。 方法 采用问卷调查的方法,应用一般资料问卷、台湾学者Wen-Hsien修订的护士岗位轮换认知量表、角色压力量表、工作满意度量表对某三级甲等医院156名ICU护士进行问卷调查,以分析不同人口学特征、岗位轮换认知、角色压力与工作满意度的关系。 结果 共发放问卷159份,收回有效问卷155份,有效回收率为97%。ICU护士工作满意度平均得分为(65.80±10.03)分,各维度得分:内在满意度为(18.68±3.69)分,价值承诺为(15.78±2.70)分,努力承诺为(16.75±2.44)分,留职承诺为(14.59±2.94)分;护士的学历不同,工作满意度不同(P < 0.01);不同婚姻状况、不同科室的护士工作满意度不同(P < 0.05);岗位轮换认知与工作满意度呈显著正相关(P < 0.01),角色负荷与工作满意度呈负相关(P < 0.01)。 结论 护理管理者应重视对ICU护士岗位轮换认知及角色压力的评价;合理规划ICU护士的岗位轮换,提高护士对于岗位轮换的正向认知,促进岗位轮换益处的发挥;调节和疏散护士角色压力,提高护士工作满意度。
[关键词] 重症监护病房;护士;岗位轮换认知;角色压力;工作满意度
[中图分类号] R395.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)05(c)-0063-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship among job rotation cognition, role stress and job satisfaction in ICU nurses. Methods 156 ICU nurses were investigated with general information questionnaire, job rotation scale, role stress scale and job satisfaction scale revised by Wen-Hsien. The relationships among different demographics of nurses, job rotation, role stress and job satisfaction were analyzed. Results There were 159 questionnaires, 155 valid questionnaires taken back, the effective recovery rate was 97%. The average score of job satisfaction was (65.80±10.03) points, each dimension scores: internal satisfaction was (18.68±3.69) points, value commitment was (15.78±2.70) points, hard promises was (16.75±2.44) points, retention commitment was (14.59±2.94) points. Nurses with different education level had different job satisfaction (P < 0.01); different marital status and departments were associated with the job satisfaction (P < 0.05). The job satisfaction was positively correlated with the job rotation cognition and negatively with the role stress (P < 0.01). Conclusion Nursing administrators should pay attention to ICU nurses' job rotation cognition and role stress evaluation; rationally planning the job rotation of ICU nurses, improving the positive cognitive of job rotation, to promote the benefits of job rotation; regulating nurses' role stress and improving the nurses' job satisfaction.
[Key words] ICU; Nurses; Job rotation cognition; Role stress; Job satisfaction
护士工作满意度是护士对其工作中各个方面的一种主观的评价,工作满意度的高低直接影响工作效率和护理服务质量。ICU是专门收治危重病症并给予精心监测和精确治疗的单元,患者病情变化快,随时可能危及生命,特殊的工作环境决定了ICU护士工作压力突出,工作满意度低。ICU护士工作满意度的高低直接关系到ICU疑难重症患者的治疗效果,关系到医院的核心竞争能力[1]。因此,对护士工作满意度的研究尤为重要。ICU护士的岗位轮换认知、角色压力与工作满意度之间的关系究竟如何,目前尚无文献从实践角度探讨分析。本研究拟通过分析ICU护士岗位轮换认知、角色压力与工作满意度之间的相关性,充分了解ICU护士工作满意度现状及其相关因素,为护理管理者制订以人为本的管理规范,帮助护士提高工作满意度提供科学依据。……
