朱敏　孙海涛　吴华章

[摘要] 目的 了解新医改后乡镇卫生院人力资源配置状况。 方法 调查我国东、中、西部地区具有代表性的12个县186所乡镇卫生院2012年人力资源的规模及构成情况。 结果 乡镇卫生院人员总数7496人，卫生技术人员占总人数的比例为79.6%；卫生技术人员中35岁以下者占33.4%，本科及以上者占18.1%；平均每个卫技人员从事1.25个专业；12.5%的临床专业人员未取得执业资格；仅31.2%的卫生院拥有全科医生。 结论 新医改以来，调查地区乡镇卫生院人员总量及卫生技术人员数呈增长趋势，但卫生技术人员年龄结构老龄化，本科及以上学历人员比例偏低，所学专业与从事专业不符，取得执业资格的临床专业人员数量和全科医生数量还需进一步提高。

[关键词] 新医改；乡镇卫生院；人力资源；配置

[中图分类号] R197 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2015）05（c）-0054-05

[Abstract] Objective To understand the present situation of human resource allocation in the township hospitals of China after the new medical reform. Methods The scale and structure of the human resource in 186 township hospitals of 12 representative counties in 2012 were investigated. Results The number of the staffs in township hospitals was 7496 cases， and the health technicians were accounted for 79.6%. 33.4% of the health technicians were younger than 35 years old， and 18.1% of the health technicians had bachelor degree or higher. One health technician engaged in 1.25 professionals. 12.5% of the clinical professionals did not obtain certificate of practice. 31.2% of the township hospitals had general practitioner. Conclusion Both the number of the staffs and the number of the health technicians in township hospitals increased after new medical reform. However， the health technicians are ageing and the proportion of the health technicians with bachelor degree or higher are still low. The profession which health technicians engaged in is inconsistent with their professional background. Both the number of the clinical professionals with certificate of practice and the number of the general practitioner need to be improved further.

[Key words] New medical reform； Township hospital； Human resource； Allocation

乡镇卫生院是我国农村三级卫生服务网络的枢纽，为农村居民提供基本医疗和公共卫生服务，在提高农村居民健康水平上发挥了至关重要的作用[1]。乡镇卫生院人才队伍的质量和结构是农村医疗卫生服务水平的重要标志，直接影响着我国农村卫生事业的生机和活力[2]。新医改以来，政府更加重视乡镇卫生院人力建设，出台多项政策推进乡镇卫生院人才队伍建设，为各地进一步加强乡镇卫生院人力建设提供了有力支持。为了解我国乡镇卫生院人力建设的现状，本研究于2013年调研了我国部分地区乡镇卫生院人力资源的规模及其构成情况，分析新医改后乡镇卫生院人力建设方面存在的问题，为今后政府制订乡镇卫生院人力发展政策提供科学依据。……