佟欣　佟子林　赵法政

[摘要] 中医证候动物模型的制备水平是制约中药药性合理评价的关键所在，其直接影响药理活性结论的有效性。近年来，评价动物疾病模型的指标，仅停留在对静态而单一的生化指标的分析，这样的动物疾病模型，无法反映疾病对机体的整体影响和疾病发生、转归的动态过程，更不能客观地评价药效和药效物质基础。本文在对中医阴黄证形成本质考察的基础上，从历年实验研究和临床实践角度对已有中医阴黄证动物模型造模方法进行总结，为完善中医阴黄证动物模型造模方法提供研究思路。

[关键词] 中医阴黄证；动物疾病模型；药效

[中图分类号] R256.41 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2015）05（c）-0043-03

[Abstract] The level of TCM syndrome model preparation is the crux for rational evaluation of TCM drug's quality， which directly influences the reliability of the conclusion derived from pharmacological researches. The presented characteristics of the established model are always neglected because the evaluating parameters are often selected from one or more enzymologic indexes associated with hepatocyte injury， and the detecting methods are mainly adopted colorimetric methods， whose accuracy is restrained by the sensitivity and detectability of the instruments used. The evaluation indexes for these animal models were local pathologic injury， static level of index， micro-changes without presentative characteristics， etc.， which were greatly away from the TCM syndromes in humans with integral， dynamic， and could not evaluate the effectiveness and pharmacodynamic material basis objectively. This research could be helpful for screening out essential parts of Yin-huang Syndrome and developing more suitable remedies for clinical application and offer a new theoretical method for the replication of syndrome animal model.

[Key words] TCM jaundice of Yin-huang； Animal model； Pesticide effect

阴黄作为黄疸的一个证型，隋代巢元方在《诸病源候论》中最先提出“阴黄”这一概念。书中根据黄疸的临床表现不同进行分类。该书在对阴黄证症状进行详细描述的同时也阐述了其发病机制。阴黄证临床主要表现为身目俱黄，头痛而不发热。疾病产生主要是由体内阴气盛而格阳于外，又外感热毒所致。阴黄概念的提出要追溯到宋代政和中敕编《圣济总录》。宋代韩祗和《伤寒微旨论》中首次提出阴黄的病名。通过对临床治疗病案的分析与总结首次讨论了阴黄的辨证施治。至元代罗天益《卫生宝鉴》、明张介宾《景岳全书》、清代医家顾松园、叶桂、沈金鳌在对前人治疗案例进行总结的基础上，详尽地分析阴黄证的病因病机，并将辨证论治系统化，提出了治疗的原则，对现代临床上阴黄证的治疗起到了重要的借鉴作用[1]。……