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大型尾矿库下游高等级排土场的降雨入渗特性

2015-07-21朱君星李跃李从德

朱君星 李跃 李从德

家重点实验室,安徽马鞍山243000;3. 重钢西昌矿业有限公司,四川西昌615041)

摘要:尾矿库和排土场都是高势能的泥石流重大危险源,二者的降雨入渗特性均较复杂。而当高等级排土场位于大型尾矿库的下游时,其复杂性更不言而喻。通过对太和铁矿的工程实例分析,计算得到尾矿库在千年一遇洪水条件下的浸润线分布,将其导入到排土场中作为初始条件,计算得到初始浸润线;再据此分析整个研究区域的降雨条件下入渗特性。研究结果表明,尾矿库内的浸润线分布对下游排土场的影响很大,入渗作用改变了排土场边坡内的地下水渗流场,而地下水的升高则是一个缓慢的过程。

关键词:降雨入渗;非饱和渗流;尾矿库;排土场;基质吸力

中图分类号:TD216文献标志码:A

[WT]文章编号:1672-1098(2015)01-0045-05

收稿日期:2014-05-22

作者简介:朱君星(1977-),男,安徽宿州人,高级工程师,硕士,研究方向:矿山岩土工程水工专业。

[JZ(〗[WT3BZ]Rainfall Infiltration Characteristics of High-class Dump Downstream of a Large-scale Tailing Pond

ZHU Jun-xing1,2,LI Yue1,2,LI Cong-de3

(1. Maanshan Institute of Mining Research, Sinosteel Group Co. Ltd., Maanshan Anhui 243000, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mine, Maanshan Anhui 243000, China;3. Xichang Mining Co., Ltd., Chongqing Iron and Steel Group, Xichan Sichuan 615041, China)

Abstract:Both of tailing pond and waster dump is high-potential fatal danger fountainhead for debris flow, and the infiltration characteristic are all complex of them. Especially, when a high-class dump is downstream of a large-scale tailing pond, the degree of complexity is more self-evident. Based on the engineering instance analysis of Taihe Iron Mining, phreatic line under the case of the millennium of the tailing pond was obtained, which is introduced into the waster dump model as an initial condition to calculate the initial phreatic line. On the basis, the infiltration characteristic in the entire area under rainfall was analyzed. The study results showed that the phreatic line distribution in the tailing pond has great influence on the waster dump at downstream, the groundwater seepage field in the dump was changed by the infiltration, and the rise of groundwater is a slow.

Key words:Rainfall infiltration; unsaturated seepage; tailing pond; waster dump; matric suction

尾矿库和排土场作为矿山重要的两大附属设施,安全性直接影响到矿山的经济效益。同样作为高势能的泥石流重大危险源,尾矿库和排土场的性质迥异。

作为“储水容器”,一般尾矿库澄清距离以内长期存在尾矿水;而作为“储砂介质”,尾矿库内尾砂颗粒较细,渗透系数较低,同时尾矿库下部堆积时间较长,固结程度较好,其渗透系数更偏低,这样就导致尾矿库内浸润线位置处于较高水平运行。

排土场也是一个滞水体,根据调查资料,因水文条件酿成排土场滑坡的例子约占事故总数50%[1],说明排土场中水的因素对排土场稳定起到了至关重要的作用。……

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