高含水期稠油降温集输回油温度确定研究
2015-07-10车小锟张盛楠王晗
车小锟 张盛楠 王晗



摘 要:稠油开采进入高含水期,采出液综合含水率高达80%以上,高含水使得采出液管流特性发生变化,常温或者降温集输成为可能。分析了高含水期稠油油水混合液的物性,研究了高含水期采出液稳定原油含水率。分析了井口回油温度限制因素以及安全回油温度的确定方法,提出将高含水稠油粘壁温度与油品凝点之间的范围作为安全回油温度的取值范围。
关 键 词:高含水;稠油;降温集输;回油温度
中图分类号:TE 832 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2015)10-2465-03
Determination of Oil Return Temperature of Low Temperature Gathering
and Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil in High Water Cut Stage
CHE Xiao-kun1,ZHANG Sheng-nan1,WANG Han2
(1 Kehong Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Co., Ltd.,Sichuan Chengdu 610000,China;
2. Changqing Oilfield Company NO.3 Oil Production Plant, Shaanxi Yanan 7177507,China)
Abstract: The water cut of produced heavy oil is over 80% when the oil production enters into high water cut stage. The high water cut of produced oil can change pipe flow characteristics, which makes gathering and transportation at normal temperature or low temperature possible. In this paper, properties of oil and water mixture were analyzed, and the steady water cut was researched. The restriction factors and determination method of oil return temperature were analyzed. The method to get the value of oil return temperature from the range between oil adhered temperature and oil pour point temperature was proposed.
Key words: High water cut; Heavy crude oil; Low temperature gathering and transportation; Oil return temperature
我国稠油储量丰富,开采初期原油产量高,含水率低,地面集输工艺常采用加热集油流程,如单管加热、双管掺热水、单管掺蒸汽、三管伴热等高能耗的集输流程。但随着油田开采步入后期油井产液进入高含水阶段,原油产量逐年降低和含水率快速上升,以辽河油田某稠油区块为例,综合含水率80%以上,局部井口含水高达90%以上,若继续采用常规集输方式,地面系统能耗明显增大,集油成本上升。因此降温或者不加热集油技术成为各油田的研究的重点[1-3]。
在国内大庆油田率先开展不加热集油技术的研究,并先后在萨南油田、喇嘛甸油田、喇萨杏油田开展现场实验,取得一些丰富的成果,形成了适合于大庆油田的较系统的低温集输与处理技术,创造显著的经济效益。然而在高含水期稠油降温或者不加热集输方面过于保守,目前国内没有很好的低温集输成功应用的先例。分析原因主要是由于稠油对温度较敏感,降温的幅度与安全运行难以准确把握。……
