·英语学习·

护患情境会话

老年人的饮食指导

Dietary Instructions for an Elderly

交流

护士：您吃得比平时多吗？

病人：是的，比我平时吃得多，我都感到有点撑了。饭店的菜味道很好。

护士：虾是水煮的吗？

病人：不，是椒盐炸虾。

护士：您平时几点钟吃晚饭？

病人：大约下午5∶30至6∶00吧。

护士：昨天白天您是不是累了？

病人：是的，昨天单位里有几个年轻人要问我些问题，我就去了，结果折腾了一天，然后他们就请我一起到餐馆吃晚饭。

护士：您的胆囊炎以前发作过吗？如有发作，是不是与饮食不当与休息不好有关？

病人：有过两次，都是吃了一碗焖肉面。

护士：殷婆婆，我有些建议，是针对老年人吃饭方面，尤其是有胆囊和胰腺疾病的。

病人：是哪些建议呢？

护士：老年人每餐应吃得少一点，大约八分饱。饮食宜清淡一点，少吃或不吃油腻和油炸食品，您昨晚吃的油炸三果、萝卜丝饼和椒盐虾都对您的胆囊炎不利。晚饭吃得早一点，不要晚于晚上7∶00，尤其是您是喜欢早睡的。另外吃饭的速度不能太快，食物切得小一点，做得烂一点，这样有利于您的健康。

病人：我一天要吃多少蔬菜为好呢？

护士：一天的蔬菜量要达到八两到一斤。因为蔬菜是人体的清道夫，使您的大便保持通畅。

病人：我知道了，谢谢。

Interactions

Nurse: Did you eat more foods last night than usual?

Patient: Yes, I ate more than usual. I felt so full. The flavor of the restaurant foods was wonderful.

Nurse: Was the shrimp poached?

Patient: No, the shrimps were fried.

Nurse: What time do you usually have your supper?

Patient: About 5∶30 to 6∶00 pm.

Nurse: Were you tired yesterday?

Patient: Yes. A few of my younger colleagues invited me to discuss things with them. I was busy with them the whole day. Then they invited me to have supper with them at the restaurant.

Nurse: Have you suffered from cholecystitis before? If so, were the episodes related to inappropriate diet and rest?

Patient: There were two episodes. Both happened after eating a bowl of smoldered meat noodles.

Nurse: Grandma Yin, I have some dietary suggestions for the elders, especially for those who are suffering from chronic cholecystitis or pancreatitis.

Patient: What suggestions?

Nurse: It’s helpful for the elders not to eat a full meal every time, preferable 80% full. Have light meal, avoid fried or oily food. The fried nuts, radish cake and fried shrimps you had last night are not good for your chronic cholecystitis. Since you like to go to bed early, the time of your supper should be earlier, no later than 7∶00 pm. Also, you should not eat too fast, cut the food into smaller pieces, and make them softer. This way is better for your health.

Patient: How much vegetable should I eat every day?

Nurse: You should have 1/2 pound to 1 pound vegetable each day. Vegetables are cleaner for the human body. Adequate dietary fiber is one of the most important factors for bowel function.Patient: I see. Thanks.

点评

指导老年人饮食要做到以下十点：每餐少一点，八成饱；质量高一点，供应优质蛋白质；蔬菜多一点, 每天250 g；吃盐少一点，每天6 g以下；杂粮多点，不偏食；作料重一点，葱、姜、醋等； 饭菜烂一点；粥多喝一点；早餐精一点；晚餐早一点。

Comments

Dietary instructions for older people mainly include the following 10 items: Less food per meal, food intake should be 70-80 percent full；protein intake should be high quality；more vegetables,250 g rams per day；take less salt, less than 6 g rams a day；more coarse grains with balance diet; more seasoning with onions, ginger or vinegar；cook the meals a little longer, make it softer； more congee；high quality breakfast；earlier time for supper。

(汪小华)