罗岐峰,马立新,张立军,于宝华,吴永国,杨领军

(东方地球物理公司青海物探处采集方法研究所，甘肃敦煌 736202)

三维地震勘探部署与设计的经济指标分析

罗岐峰,马立新,张立军,于宝华,吴永国,杨领军

(东方地球物理公司青海物探处采集方法研究所，甘肃敦煌 736202)

摘要：为提高三维地震勘探策划与部署、设计与采集的能效，从勘探部署、地震采集工程设计、勘探经济效率等方面入手，对三维地震勘探设计的多项指标及其经济性进行研究。结果表明，三维地震采集的满覆盖区域面积必须占地震资料面积的60%以上，且目标层越深，则勘探部署区域面积应越大。勘探部署区域设计时尽可能减少区域拐点数，既有利于与相邻勘探区块的对接，又能减少成本；采集参数相同的情况下，布设区域的纵横比大于1时，地震资料面积、未满覆盖区域面积逐渐减小，勘探效果较好。且三维地震测线应尽量沿部署区域的长边方向布设，减少接收线的条数，提高采集效率。做三维地震滚动勘探部署的整体规划设计时，在边缘处理中应尽量接纳相邻工区和以往的炮点、检波点数据，减少重复采集、消除地震资料空白区，降低勘探费用。

关键词：三维地震 ；部署区域面积；覆盖次数；采集指标；勘探效能

Economic Indexes of 3D Seismic Exploration Deployment and Design

Luo Qifeng, Ma Lixin, Zhang Lijun, Yu Baohua, Wu Yongguo, Yang Lingjun

(QinghaiDivision,BGPInc.,CNPC,Dunhuang,Gansu736202,China)

Abstract:To enhance planning and deployment, design and acquisition of 3D seismic exploration, we probed into multiple indexes of 3D seismic exploration design and their efficiency from perspectives of exploration deployment, seismic acquisition engineering design, and exploration efficiency, etc. Results showed that total cover of 3D seismic acquisition had to take up more than 60% of the area of seismic data. Moreover, the deeper the target layer is, the larger the acreage of exploration deployment should be. Regional inflection points should be reduced as much as possible while carrying out regional design for exploration deployment. It is not only favorable for adjacent exploration blocks docking, but also reduces cost. When acquisition parameters are the same, and the aspect ratio is higher than 1 in layout area, seismic data area and the proportion of fully covered area drop gradually, the exploration results get better. Furthermore, the 3D seismic survey line should be laid in the long direction, to decrease the number of received lines and enhance acquisition efficiency. When launching overall planning and design of 3D seismic rolling exploration deployment, edge processing should take in adjacent area and previous shot and reflection points, to decline repeated acquisition, eliminate seismic data gap and reduce exploration cost.

Key words：3D seismic; area of layout area; cover frequency; acquisition index; exploration efficiency

随着石油地质研究的不断深入[1-3]，为了进一步搞清地下构造特征及断裂分布规律，精细刻画小断块和低幅度构造圈闭[4]，有必要部署三维地震。此外，为了满足开发储层横向预测[5-7]，也需要部署三维地震勘探。……