Jing GUO，Zhengqin SHA，Luying JI，Sheng GE，W uguang YANG

1.The Crop Technology Extension Center of Hanjiang District in Yangzhou City of Jiangsu Province，Yangzhou 225009，China；2.Touqiao Town Technology Extension Station of Guangling District in Yangzhou City of Jiangsu Province，Yangzhou 225108，China

1 Introduction

Strengthening the agricultural technology extension is a powerful guarantee for promoting agricultural sci-tech innovation and giving impetus to construction of modern agriculture and sustainable development of rural economy.On August31，2012，the 28th Session of the11th National People's Congress Standing Committee reviewed and approved theAgricultural Technology Extension Law.The newly revisedAgricultural Technology Extension Lawestablishes public welfare status and specific requirements of national agricultural technology extension institutions and makes clear legal status and working rules of diversified agricultural technology extension service organizations.The newAgricultural Technology Extension Lawwill exert profound influence on accelerating China's agricultural productivity，promoting construction of agricultural modernization and sustainable development of rural economy，and impose new and higher requirements for grass-roots agricultural technology departments.With acceleration of urbanization process，farmland area gradually decreases and attention degree of people to agriculture gradually drops.It has become a difficult problem to balance the grain production，vegetable production，characteristic aquaculture，forest and flower，urban development，and urban greening at the same time of ensuring safe grain supply in limited land resource of suburban areas［1］.Hanjiang District is a typical suburban area.We took Hanjiang District as an example，surveyed and analyzed service works of agricultural technology extension system and came up with recommendations for developing suburban agricultural technology extension system，in the hope of helping the agricultural technology extension service con-

struction in Hanjiang District.

2 Characteristics of agricultural development and current situation of agricultural technology extension system in Hanjiang District

2.1 Characteristics of agricultural developmentHanjiang District is a district of Yangzhou City.It is a door of Yangzhou in the south，west and north.Relying on Yangzhou and serving Yangzhou，with superior geographical position and dense traffic network，it gathers essential parts of Yangzhou and is a modern vigorous district.Agricultural leading industries such as grain production，characteristic aquaculture，forest and flower，and sightseeing show characteristics and urban residents prefer to go to Hanjiang.Hanjiang rural tourism effect is increasingly outstanding.Hanjiang Districtbrings into full play advantages of geographical position，takes agricultural technology extension service system as support，energetically promotes development of suburban agriculture，optimizes allocation of agricultural resources，actively cultivates and strengthens agricultural leading industries，agriculture takes on vigorous development trend，suburban agricultural characteristics are further manifested，agricultural economic strength is rapidly lifted，and agricultural technology extension service level is gradually improved.However，in the development process，there are still problems of unreasonable agricultural product structure and low quality level，few new products，small scale of agricultural leading enterprises，weak leading force，vacant and not scientific agricultural technology services.

2.2 Current situation of agricultural technology extension system

2.2.1 Organization setting.The agricultural technology extension system of Hanjiang District is mainly crop cultivation，aquaculture，animal husbandry，forestry and sericulture.Organization setting is as follows：crop technology extension center，agricultural product quality monitoring and testing center，forestry and sericulture guidance station，animal husbandry and veterinary station，and aquaculture guidance station.Now，Hanjiang District includes7 towns，6 residential districts，and 2 economic development zones，10 town-level integrated agricultural service centers，and 10 animal husbandry and veterinary stations.

2.2.2Personnel structure.From Table 1，we can see that the district level agricultural technology extension organizations have 65 workers，and towns/residential districts have 79 agricultural technology extension workers，so the whole district has a total of 144 agricultural technology extension workers.As to the age composition（Fig.1 and Fig.2），at the district and town levels，workers are mainly 41-50 years old and very few workers are younger than 30；for the educational level（Fig.3 and Fig.4），at the district level，workers are mainly undergraduates followed by masters，while at town level，workers are mainly junior college graduates；for professional title（Fig.5 and Fig.6），at the district level，workers mainly are intermediate and senior，while at town level，workers are mainly intermediate and junior.

3 Existing problems in the agricultural technology extension system

3.1 Unreasonable personnel structureThe district govern mentattaches great importance to agricultural technology extension and introduction of agricultural talents.The district agricultural commission has recruited a good many high educational level people to invigorate the agricultural technology extension team of the whole district.With their untiring effort，Hanjiang District has made considerable progress in agricultural technology extension service.However，town is the forefront of agriculture and major force serving suburban agriculture.Statistical data indicate that there are still some unreasonable aspects.Firstly，the knowledge structure is unreasonable.At present，the overall quality of agricultural technology extension personnel in suburban towns is troubling.Most agricultural technology extension workers have low educational level and old knowledge，and the extension team is not stable.From Table 1，we can know that79.5%workers have educational level of junior college or below，showing that township agricultural technology extension workers have low educational level.Secondly，the age structure is not reasonable.From Table 1，we know that only 2 workers are younger than 30 years old，while 86.1%workers are older than 40.Such age structure results in instability of grass-roots agricultural technology extension team and township agricultural technology service will leave no successor.Thirdly，Hanjiang District lacks professional and technical personnel.Article13 of the newAgricultural Technology Extension Lawexplicitly sets forth that posts of township and national agricultural technology extension organizations should be professional and technological posts.At present，the proportion of professional technical personnel in all towns and townships of the whole district reaches 92.4%.In the all agricultural technology workers，50.6%have junior professional title，41.8%have intermediate title，and no one has senior title.This indicates that towns and townships are greatly short of high quality agricultural technology workers.

Table 1 Statistics of workers in the agricultural technology extension system of Hanjiang District

3.2 Low status and poor condition of agricultural technology extension personnelThe above analysis indicates that fewer and fewer young people are willing to work in the agricultural technology extension system.The rootcause lies in ideas of people and actual situation of agricultural technical personnel.Although China attaches great importance to agricultural development，most people still have the idea of＂emphasizing business but scorning agriculture，underemphasizing agriculture but emphasizing industry and looking down upon agriculture but valuing politics＂.Thus，graduates from rural areas are unwilling to return to their hometown and not prefer to do agricultural work.Graduates from urban areas are unwilling to select township agricultural technology departments where the working environment is poor and wages are relatively low.This is also the fundamental reason why grass-roots agricultural technology departments absorb no fresh blood.

As indicated in Table2，with rapid economic development of China，income of agricultural technical personnel is also gradually increasing and income situation of township agricultural technical personnel is also changing from the self-controlled revenue and expenditure to unified payment of government，and no longer the situation of＂earning money to maintain an army，but no money to fight＂.However，the situation of insufficient working funds and poor infrastructure construction is still not changed，and there are still problems of incomplete office equipment and shortage of experimental facilities.

3.3 Low working enthusiasm of agricultural technology extension workersAgricultural technology extension workers in towns are not enthusiastic about work and they do less and less public welfare agricultural technology extension service activities.The situation of＂staying on the payroll without reporting for duty＂is worse and worse.Some workers just click the mouse，read newspaper or drink a cup of tea，and do nothing practical work.Due to lack of incentive measures and evaluation mechanism，agricultural technology workers have lost their working enthusiasm and operation capacity.They think that they will obtain the same even they do nothing.When the district asks town agricultural technology extension workers to report certain local data，they just report according to careless estimation.Such data are not practical and will influence judgment of agricultural technology department about agricultural situation of the whole district.Finally，agricul-tural technology workers have to conduct survey in every town personally.The workload is high，when all surveys are completed，it has delayed for a long time and the data also lose time effectiveness.

Table 2 Statistics of financial resources of the agricultural technology extension system of Hanjiang District

3.4 Low professional level of agricultural technology workersAt present，agricultural technology workers in all towns of the district have low educational level，old knowledge structure，and low professional knowledge，and backward professional knowledge.In the process of farmer training and technological guidance，they of ten make mistakes and provide blind guidance relying on old experience.If such wrong knowledge is disseminated to farmers and farmers get used to it，it will be greatly difficult to make changes.

4 Recommendations for the agricultural technology extension system

4.1 Building public welfare township agricultural technology extension system and creating excellent environment for developing diversified agricultural technology servicesTowns of Hanjiang District have started the reform of the agricultural technology extension system and some towns have realized effective separation of public welfare from operation.Due to lack of extension funds，some towns have to perform operational activities apart from fulfilling public welfare function.As a result，it is difficult to guarantee public welfare activities and there is still the situation of＂being busy with making money for survival＂.Therefore，it is required to accelerate the progress of building township public welfare agricultural technology extension system，realize completely public welfare of township agricultural technology extension system and gradually exit from operational service fields.In functional orientation，it should set foot on rural realities and farmers'demands.Besides，it should focus on public welfare.In other words，township integrated agricultural service center and animal husbandry and veterinary station and the subordinate agricultural technology extension workers should participate in formulating，organizing and implementing township agricultural technology extension plan，organizing specialized training of agricultural technology，providing agricultural technology and information services，carrying out experiment and demonstration for agricultural technologies to be extended，and guiding farmers to promote agricultural technology extension［2］.However，only relying on public welfare agricultural technology service，it is unable to satisfy development of modern agriculture and service demands of farmers.It also needs combining various forces to actively build diversified service system through construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension organizations.Hanjiang District should create excellent environment for developing diversified agricultural technology service organizations through policy support，gradually build diversified grass-roots agricultural technology extension mode with agricultural technology extension organization as leader，wide participation of various agriculture-related organizations，so as to establish a new agricultural technology extension service system.

4.2 Attaching importance to cultivation of high quality personnel for grass-roots agricultural technology extensionTowns are the forefront of agricultural technology extension.Thus，the quality of agricultural technology extension personnel concerns actual effect of agricultural technology extension services.The above analysis indicates that the overall quality of agricultural technology extension workers in towns of Hanjiang District is relatively low.What's worse，the development of modern agriculture lays down higher requirement for them.Therefore，Hanjiang District should actively build township agricultural technology extension team，to change the situation of backward knowledge，old age and no successors.Firstly，it is required to increase professional technology training for existing agricultural technology workers，help grass-roots agricultural technology extension workers to update knowledge and provide technological training，and establish regular training and education system，to constantly improve their professional level and ability.Secondly，it is required to actively absorb new personnel to the agricultural technology extension team，recruita good many young people graduated from agricultural colleges and universities，expand the agricultural technology extension service system team，gradually realize work-with-post system，and improve overall quality of the agricultural technology extension service team.

4.3 Taking protective measures for grass-roots agricultural technology extension workersServices of agricultural technology extension departments are free，apart from basic wage，agricultural technology extension departments have no other economic return，thus only effective protection can help them bring into full play their public welfare function.Firstly，it is recommended to formulate detailed local regulations on protecting agricultural technology extension services on the basis of newAgricultural Technology Extension Law，safeguard effective implementation of agricultural technology extension services，and reinforce agricultural law enforcement.Secondly，it is recommended to strengthen infrastructure construction for grass-roots agricultural technology extension system，gradually provide necessary service facilities，improve technological equipment level for serving modern agriculture，and gradually improve conditions of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system.Thirdly，it is recommended to increase financial support，take effective safeguard measures，and ensure financial input and gradual increase of funds for agricultural technology extension.Apart from basic wages，it is required to increase input in office funds，facility funds，and education and training funds，to prevent agricultural technology extension activities from influence of lack of funds.

4.4 Improving evaluation mechanism and stimulating enthusiasm of agricultural technology extension workersGovern mentor gans should strengthen supervision and evaluation of duty performance of agricultural technology extension organizations，warn those unacceptable organizations，and no longer hire those agricultural technicians not qualified for two consecutive years，and provide award for excellent technicians.Evaluation results should connect with distribution of bonus，employment of technicians and promotion of post，so as to stimulate working enthusiasm of grass-roots agricultural technology extension workers and make them better work for agricultural technology extension services.

5 Conclusions

After the implementation of newAgricultural Technology Extension Law，the agricultural technology extension service of Hanjiang District will have better development opportunity and face greater challenges.Thus，Hanjiang District should grasp this opportunity and get ready for challenges.The agricultural technology extension workers should bring into play their working enthusiasm，and devote to agricultural technology extension service system，to make contribution to modern agricultural development of Hanjiang District.

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