吴碧静　黄晓伟　陈碧珠

[摘要] 目的 对颅脑择期手术患者采用术前不同进食时间，并对术后并发应激性溃疡的影响进行探讨和分析。方法 选取2010年3月—2013年3月该院收治的颅脑择期手术患者150例作为研究的对象，并将患者随机分为观察组80例和对照组70例，观察组患者手术前6 h禁食，术前2 h可饮少量的水或水果糖等；对照组患者按照常规的方法，手术前12 h禁食，手术前4～6 h禁饮，并分别对两组患者手术中发生误吸的情况以及手术后发生应激性溃疡的状况进行观察，并对两组患者差异之间的关系进行对比。结果 观察组患者手术后发生应激性溃疡的发生率7.5%明显低于对照组患者27.1%，且差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），两组患者在手术过程中均无误吸发生。结论 对于颅脑择期手术患者适当缩短手术前的禁饮、禁食时间可以有效的预防手术后应激性溃疡的发生。

[关键词] 颅脑择期手术；应激性溃疡；误吸；禁食；禁饮

[中图分类号] R4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2014）03（c）-0006-02

[Abstract] Objective To discuss and analyze the effect of different fasting time preoperative on craniocerebral elective surgery complicated with stress ulcer postoperative.Methods 150 cases of patients underwent craniocerebral elective surgery in our hospital from March， 2010 to March， 2013 were selected as the subjects， and they were randomly divided into the observation group of 80 cases and the control group of 70 cases. Patients in the observation group were treated with fasting 6 h before the operation， drinking a small amount of water or gumdrop 2 h preoperatively and so on； patients in the control group were treated with the conventional method， such as fasting 12 h preoperative， forbidden to drink 4～6 h preoperatively. Intraoperative aspiration and postoperative stress ulcer of two groups were observed， and the differences between them were compared.Results The incidence of stress ulcer of the patients in the observation group after surgery was 7.5%， which was significantly lower than 27.1% of the patients in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. And no aspiration occurred in both groups during the operation.Conclusion For patients with craniocerebral elective surgery， appropriately shortening the time of fasting and forbidding drinking before surgery can effectively prevent the occurrence of stress ulcer after the operation.

[Key words] Craniocerebral elective surgery； Stress ulcer； Aspiration； Fasting； Forbidden to drink

消化道应激性溃疡是颅脑择期手术后的常见并发症，现在临床上多用药物对其进行治疗，但由于消化道应激性溃疡一旦发生，往往病情严重，而且预后凶险，具有较高的死亡率[1]。因此，应将重点放在消化道应激性溃的预防之上。由于颅脑择期手术采用术前不同进食时间对手术后并发应激性溃疡的影响，国内尚没有明确的报道，因此，为对颅脑择期手术患者采用术前不同进食时间对手术后并发应激性溃疡的影响进行了研究与探讨，现分析2010年3月—2013年3月间该院收治的颅脑择期手术患者150例的临床资料，报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取该院收治的颅脑择期手术患者150例，作为研究的对象，这其中有男性79例，女性71例，年龄17岁～65岁，平均年龄为（32.2±6.7）岁；……