基于绿色基站的节能方案探讨
2014-09-10龚霞魏翼飞宋梅常琳
龚霞+魏翼飞+宋梅+常琳
在无线通信系统中,基站为主要能耗部件,研究基站节能技术成为了无线通信网络节能的首要目标。首先简要介绍了绿色基站采用的相关技术,并分析其特点;然后总结了现有基站节能的主要思想和热点问题;最后对基于绿色基站的节能方案进行探讨,提出了绿色基站规划问题、绿色基站对用户的分流策略、绿色基站与传统基站的协作方案、混合能源基站的能源管理技术,为绿色基站在节能技术中的应用奠定了一定的理论基础。
Discussion on Energy Saving Scheme Based on Green Base Station
GONG Xia1, WEI Yi-fei1, SONG Mei1, CHANG Lin2
(1. School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China;
2. TL Certification Center, China Academy of Telecommunication Research of MIIT, Beijing 100088, China)
In a wireless communication system, base station as the main energy consumption component, the research on base station energy saving technology has become the primary goal of wireless communication network to save energy. First, the related technologies used by the green base station are briefly introduced and its characteristics are analyzed. Then the main ideas and issues for base station energy saving are summarized. Finally, the energy saving scheme based on green base station is discussed. The green base station planning, user distribution scheme, the cooperation scheme between the green base station and the traditional base station and energy management technology of hybrid energy base station are put forward, which provides the theoretical basis for the application of green base station in energy saving technology.
green energy BS energy-saving technology of BS BS planning collaborative strategy of BS
1 绿色基站简介
在无线蜂窝网络中,基站能耗占通信网络总能耗的75%[1]。同时,由于近两年移动终端设备的发展及各种社交网络的盛行,使得移动通信业务量急速增长,2012年基站的数量几乎增加了一倍[2]。图1显示了移动通信中各模块的耗能比例。
由图1可知,蜂窝网络中超过一半的能耗都来自于基站,这就使得基站节能在通信领域的节能减排中具有重大的实际意义。现有的基站节能技术主要有以下两类:
(1)绿色能源基站:绿色能源基站依赖于成熟的能源采集技术,结合自然环境的约束,利用可再生能源为基站供电。
(2)基站节能:按无线通信网络的层次可分为设备级节能和网络级节能。设备级节能是指从基站本身考虑,通过采用先进的设备或对基站的部件进行功率管理来减少基站的能量消耗;网络级节能主要包括基站休眠机制、小区缩放技术和自组网技术等。
绿色基站从广义上来讲,是指一切能够减小基站能耗的基站节能技术[3];……
