周利琳+望勇+司越+司升云

摘要：研究了甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和茚虫威对小菜蛾（Plutella xyllostella）试验种群净繁殖率及生殖的影响。结果表明，4个甘蓝品种喷施3次甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐后，小菜蛾试验种群的净繁殖率（R0）总体表现出先下降后上升的趋势；茚虫威不同浓度处理下R0总体表现为随处理时间的延长而递增，以品种紫钻最为明显，药后15 d其40 mg/kg处理R0增至55.90%；小菜蛾试验种群成虫产卵量与农药的品种、浓度和药后时间有关。与各自对照相比，79.17%的处理药后4 d成虫平均单雌产卵量下降，87.50%的处理药后15 d成虫平均单雌产卵量上升，喷施甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐后8 d比对照上升的处理数居多，而喷施茚虫威后则相反；单一多次施用甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和茚虫威可引起小菜蛾再猖獗，其机制可能与农药直接刺激小菜蛾生殖有关。

关键词：甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐；茚虫威；小菜蛾（Plutella xyllostella）；净繁殖率；生殖

中图分类号：S433.4；S482.3+9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）13-3061-05

Effects of Two Insecticides on the Experimental Population Reproduction

of Plutella xylostella （L.）

ZHOU Li-lin，WANG Yong，SI Yue，SI Sheng-yun

（Wuhan Institute of Vegetables Science，Wuhan 430345，China）

Abstract： The effects of emamectin benzoate and indoxacarb on the net reproductive rate and the fecundity of experimental population in Plutella xylostella were studied. The results showed that after spraying emamectin benzoate for three times to four varieties of cabbages， the net reproductive rates（R0） of experimental population in P. xylostella decreased first and then increased on the whole. R0 of indoxacarb treatments in diverse concentrations totally increased with the extension of testing time. R0 of especially the variety of Zizuan at 40 mg/kg increased to 55.90 after treated for 15 d. The effects of pesticides on the fecundity of adults in P. xylostella were not the same due to the different varieties， concentrations of emamectin benzoate and indoxacarb， and days after sprayed. Compared with controls， the mean eggs laid per female of 79.17% treatments dropped 4d after spraying， while 87.50% treatments increased 15 d after spraying. Treatments increased 8 d after spraying emamectin benzoate were dominant in number， while it was opposite for indoxacarb. It is indicated that the resurgence of P.xylostella might be induced by only spraying emamectin benzoate and indoxacarb repeatedly. The reason might be significantly correlated with direct stimulation of their reproductions by the pesticides.

Key words： emamectin benzoat； indoxacarb； Plutella xylostella （L.）； net reproductive rate； fecundity

小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）是一种世界性农业害虫，主要危害十字花科蔬菜，当年发生世代多，世代重叠严重，繁殖快、抗药性强，已成为生产中最难防治的害虫之一[1]。甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐是抗生素类杀虫杀螨剂，茚虫威是恶二嗪类新型高效杀虫剂，两种农药都是目前蔬菜生产中防治小菜蛾的理想药剂[2-6]，但不科学地使用会导致农药“3R”（残留residue、抗药性resistance、再猖獗resurgence）问题的产生。本研究针对实际生产中农户单一多次施药习惯，以小菜蛾喜寄生植物甘蓝为材料，研究了甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和茚虫威对小菜蛾试验种群净繁殖率（R0）和成虫产卵量的影响，探讨了这两种农药引起小菜蛾再猖獗的可能性，为科学、合理、有效地使用这两种农药提供科学依据。……