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A

Today Ill be talking about the invention of the camera and photography. The camera is often thought to be a modern invention， but as early as 1727， a German physicist discovered that light darkens silver salt. Used as a camera， a big box was set up， and a small hole was cut in one side to let the light in； he made temporary pictures on the salt. Silver salt is still the base（基础）of the photographic film today. Then a French scientist made the first permanent picture by using a special piece of metal which was covered with silver salt. A photo-graph he made in 1826 still exists.

The painter De Gear improved the process by covering the metal as well as placing the common salt which we can eat. This was in 1839， the official date of the beginning of photographs. But the problem was the printing of the photographs. And it wasnt until other scientists developed the kind of photographic paper we use now that good prints were possible and photo-graphy became truly modern. In the 1870s， Matthew Bradey was able to take his famous pictures in American Civil War. In the 1920s， Georges Mann of the United States simplified film developing（冲洗）， and Dr Edward Lane invented the so-called “Instant Camera” which uses self-developing film. If we say photography came into existence in 1839， it follows that it took more than 100 years for the camera to reach its present condition of technical refinement（密度）.

1. What discovery was the basis of photography？

A. Light darkens silver.

B. Light darkens silver salt.

C. Light darkens natural salt.

D. Light darkens self-developing film.

2. How was the first permanent picture made？

A. By making use of special paper.

B. By using a special piece of metal.

C. By adding common salt to silver salt.

D. By giving a slight colour to the silver salt.

3. What time is regarded as the official date of the beginning of photography？

A. 1727. B. 1826.

C. 1839. D. 1870.

4. Why is Matthew Bradey remembered today according to paragraph 2？

A. He was a soldier.

B. He painted portraits.

C. He took war photographs.

D. He designed a easy-carried camera.

5. What did Doctor Edward Lane invent？

A. A new kind of film.

B. An self-action printer.

C. A cheap process of developing film at home.

D. An “Instant Camera” that develops its own film.

B

What would you think if I told you I could eat 40 percent more food than other people—eat boxes of ice cream， bowls of noodles and plates of meat—and all the while be losing weight？

You might hate me， thinking I have one of those annoyingly good metabolisms（新陈代谢）that just burn up fat when it enters my body. You might wonder if I have an eating disorder. Or maybe youd just shrug your shoulders and figure I have a rich fantasy life.

Youd be wrong.

For my body to finish such a surprising task， I would have to be a mouse. Not just any mouse， but one lucky enough to be involved in a new study at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.

After discovering an enzyme（酶）that allows fat to be stored in the body， scientists fed mice without those enzymes， and found those mice were able to eat far more food than other mice—and still weighed 10 to 15 percent less.

Best of all， the mice without the enzyme were in very good health， were able to produce baby mice without any problem and generally acted like any other mouse. Thats great news for obesity（肥胖症）researchers， who think that scientists may figure out a way to prevent the fat-metabolizing enzyme in humans as a way to control weight gain. And such a pill would be very exciting for many struggling to get rid of dangerous extra pounds.

But dont start planning any big dinner just yet： At this point， of course， any pill for humans is but a twinkle in the eyes of every drug companys CEO. More tests are to be conducted， and eventually humans will be tested. But for now， unfortunately， controlling what you eat is still the key to losing weight.

6. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 refer to？

A. Controlling your diet.

B. Having a rich fantasy life.

C. Burning up fat very quickly.

D. Eating a lot of food while losing weight.

7. The study at Baylor College of Medicine ___ .

A. included both mice and humans

B. proved that all mice can control their weight easily

C. proved a kind of enzyme which can cause weight gain

D. only included mice which didnt have the fat-metabolizing enzyme

8. In the study， the mice without the enzyme ___ .

A. became weak

B. acted strangely

C. were in good condition

D. could not have baby mice

9. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph？

A. You can be free of guilt when having big dinners.

B. Scientists cant find the key to discovering the enzyme.

C. Drug companies will make a lot of money in the future.

D. The best way for people to lose weight now is still to control their diet.

10. It can be inferred from the passage that ___ .

A. the fat-metabolizing enzyme can improve metabolisms

B. eating a healthy diet is a good way to keep away from

disease

C. some drug companies have produced pills that help lose

weight

D. the pills that help people control weight gain will be

very popular if they are available

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

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1. The 17-year-old little Russian girl won the hearts of everyone in the ____ hall.

2. The view set out above is based on Chinas ____ historical conditions.

3. The setting sun images ____ short and quickly passing life.

4. It is very unusual for three own goals to be ____ in one football match at international level.

5. It is reported that some ____ have as many as ten thousand staff members.

6. She reached the ____ of the 100m race after she made her best effort to compete with so many athletes.

7. Joe Louis has been the world heavyweight boxing ____ for many years.

8. The old lady has a ____ of kindness， so we all like her and want to help her with her housework.

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. He was late of my class over 20 minutes， which made me very angry. ____

2. More and more people join the game every year. ____

3. How cold it is， the boy always goes swimming in winter. ____

4. Can you recognize the boy in the bike is Lilys brother， who has been away from home for seven years？ ____

1. 他说谎的原因是他这次考试只得了58分。

2. 如果三分之二的人同意你所说的，我们就按你说的去做。

3. 我想知道那天在她身上究竟发生了什么事——她看起来相当难过。

4. 那个黑头发穿粉红色运动服的女孩是谁？她很像一个我曾经认识的人。

1. The man together with his wife and two children ___ seen driving around the city yesterday.

A. is B. are

C. was D. were

2. Show me what you think now！ Are you ___ my opinion or ___ it？

A. for； against B. like； against

C. for； dislike D. agree； against

3. Id like to arrive 20 minutes earlier before the meeting ___ I can have time for a cup of coffee.

A. as soon as B. in case

C. as a result D. so that

4. Tomorrows appointment is very important. Be more ___ about when and where well meet.

A. specific B. special

C. especial D. specified

5. Ten years ago the population of our village was ___ that of theirs.

A. as large as twice B. twice as large as

C. as twice much as D. twice as much as

6. If you continue to work hard， Im sure that your dream will ___ in the near future.

A. come out B. come on

C. come true D. come over

7. The advantages of our products are attractive design， high ___ and reasonable prices.

A. quality B. quantity

C. number D. amount

8. — Robert wont like it， you know.

— ___ ？ I dont care what Robert thinks.

A. So what B. So where

C. So why D. So how

In China hes known as “the Flying Fish”； in America they call him “the Baltimore Bullet”.

Whatever you call him， American swimmer Michael Phelps looks destined（注定）to become a household name across the world after breaking the Olympic record for most gold medals in a single Games.

Phelps total of eight gold medals in Beijing put him one ahead of Mark Spitzs previous record set in 1972.

Now people have already called him the greatest Olympian of all times. But whether he is or not， what is it that makes Michael Phelps so good？

A good place to start might be his physique（体格）. Phelps has the perfect body shape for a swimmer： his arm span is longer than his height； he has very good joints， huge lungs and his large feet （size 14 in the US， size 49 in China） acting like flippers in the water.

To feed his huge swimmers body， Phelps eats an astonishing 12，000 calories a day， six times the average for a man of his age.

And then it is a swimsuit which has been making waves in the world of swimming that helps him a lot. Designed by NASA， the suit is made of a special material which is said to help athletes swim 2% faster.

Michael Phelps should spare a thought for his mum， who first pushed him into swimming as a way of making friends， and who believed in him when one teacher said he would never be a success.

Whatever the reason for his success， Phelps admitted there was perhaps also a bit of luck involving in（牵涉）winning his eight medals.

“I guess eight is a lucky number for me， too， now. The opening ceremony started on 8/8/08. Maybe it was meant to be，” he said.

1. Who is both called “the Flying Fish” and “the Baltimore Bullet”？ （within 2 words）

2. What makes Michael Phelps so popular？ （within 9 words）

3. How many gold medals did Mark Spitz won in 1972？ （1 word）

4. How many calories does a man of Phelps age need a day on average？ （2 words）

5. What is one of the reasons for Phelps success？ （within 5 words）