基金项目:天津市水务局科技项目“大港多水源调配”（津水资201245）

作者简介:马旭丽（1977玻，女，辽宁鞍山人，高级工程师，主要从事安全供水及环境管理方面研究。E瞞ail:magong1977@163.comDOI：10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2014.04.042

摘要：针对由多水源、多供水系统、多供水企业、多管理部门等造成的小城镇安全供水保障率低的现实问题，基于危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）理念，建立了供水关键节点实时控制数学模型。该数学模型将供水系统关键部位的水量、水压、水质等实时数据作为输入数据，与供水系统设计值和国家标准确定的正常范围值进行比较和赋值。当模型中供水系统赋值求和为“0”时，表示关键部位正常，当赋值大于或等于“1”时，则相应关键部位报警。模型实例应用结果表明，该模型可以降低小城镇供水系统在供水生产、加工、输送过程中的风险，对提高小城镇安全供水保障率具有重要意义。

关键词：小城镇；安全供水； HACCP；实时控制； 关键点； 数学模型

中图分类号：TU991文献标志码：A文章编号：16721683（2014）04018905

Development and Application of Real瞭ime Control Model of

Water Supply Safety Control System in Small Towns

MA Xu瞝i1,2

（1.Water Conservation Office of Dagang,Binhai New Area of Tianjin,Tianjin 300270,China;

2.School of Environment Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300270,China）

Abstract:Low guarantee rate ofwater supply safety in small towns is caused by of the occurrence of too many water sources,water supply systems,water supply enterprises,and administrative departments. Based on the concept of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP),a real瞭ime control mathematical model of key nodes of water supply was developed.The mathematical model adopted the water yield,water pressure,and water quality of key positions in the water supply system as input data,and compared them with the design values in the water supply system and those presented in the national standard and then assigned appropriate values to them.On one hand,when the sum of assigned values was ″0″,it indicated that the critical position is normal.On the other hand,when the sum of assigned values was greater than ″1″ or equal to ″1″,an alert can be reported for the corresponding position.Application of the model on the water supply safety in a small town was analyzed,which suggested that the mathematical model is of important significance to decrease the risks in the process of water production,process,and transfer in the water supply system,and therefore to improve the guarantee rate of water supply safety in small towns.

Key words:small town；water supply safety control；HACCP;real瞭ime control；critical control point；mathematical model

1小城镇安全供水现状及存在问题

小城镇供水在管理、供水来源、供水方式等方面存在一些独特性，比如：多部门管理（由于行政分区或其他原因，可能同时受省部级、市水务局（或水务集团）、区县水务局或水务集团、各级自来水公司、大型驻区企业等多个部门管理），管理效率较低；供水存在多种来源（同时存在外调水、地表水、地下水、再生水、海水淡化水等），影响供水水质，给水源调配与管理均带来不便与困难；多个水厂和……