汤文兵+王立臣+陈珍+陈江平+白东海

[摘要] 目的 分析老年口腔颌面肿瘤的术后感染情况。 方法 回顾性分析500例老年口腔颌面肿瘤手术患者的临床资料。 结果 500例患者中，发生医院感染者48例，占9.6%；感染部位以手术伤口和呼吸道[64.6%（31/48）]为主；全身和局部麻醉的感染率比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；感染与住院时间有关。 结论 老年口腔颌面肿瘤术患者术后发生医院感染的概率较高，感染部位以手术伤口和呼吸道为主，医院应对此加强监护及预防。

[关键词] 口腔颌面肿瘤；老年患者；术后感染

[中图分类号] R739.8[文献标识码] A[文章编号] 1674-4721（2014）04（c）-0147-03

The postoperative infection analysis of oral and maxillofacial tumor of the elderly

TANG Wen-bing WANG Li-chen CHEN Zhen CHEN Jiang-ping BAI Dong-hai

Department of Stomatology,Nongken Central Hospital of Zhanjiang City in GuangdongProvince,Zhanjiang 524002,China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the postoperative infection analysis of oral and maxillofacial tumor of the elderly. Methods The clinical data of 500 surgical patients with oral and maxillofacial tumor was analyzed retrospectively. Results Among 500 patients,there were 48 cases (9.6%) of nosocomial infection;the infection site was mainly surgical wound and respiratory tract [64.6%(31/48)];there was no statistical difference of infection rate between general anesthesia and local anesthesia;the infection was associated with length of stay. ConclusionThe probability of hospital infection is higher in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumor of the elderly after surgey,the infection site is mainly surgical wound and respiratory tract,the hospital should strengthen the monitoring and prevention for the hospital infection.

[Key words] Oral and maxillofacial tumor;Senile patient;Postoperative infection

口腔颌面肿瘤外科手术的开展给口腔颌面恶性肿瘤患者提供了行之有效的治疗手段，但由于口腔颌面部具有非常特殊的解剖结构，且老年患者由于其机体整体情况较差，在术后常出现感染，这也是口腔颌面外科肿瘤手术最常见的并发症，同时还会增高术后出血的概率，甚至引发血肿或组织水肿，这对于老年患者的术后恢复和生命健康都是巨大的挑战[1-2]。分析与感染有关的因素，提前作好预防准备才能真正改善老年口腔颌面肿瘤患者术后的康复情况。本文回顾性分析500例老年口腔颌面肿瘤患者的临床资料，分析术后引起医院感染的好发部位、高危因素等。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2008年1月～2013年12月本院收治的老年口腔颌面肿瘤患者500例，均行口腔颌面肿瘤切除术治疗，其中男性287例，年龄60～85岁，平均（67.3±5.4）岁；女性213例，年龄60～88岁，平均（68.4±4.3）岁。病变部位：唇部为71例，面颊部77例，舌部66例，额部36例，腮腺区69例，软腭部84例，颌下区26例，颊黏膜59例，软腭区12例。……