孙亚乔+窦琳+段磊+乔晓霞+申圆圆

基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41102150,41002086,41372258）；陕西省自然基金（2013JM5003）；中央高校科研专项基金（2013G1291065,2013G1291067,2013G1502036）

作者简介:孙亚乔（1977），女，浙江上虞人，副教授，博士，主要从事水文地球化学、水污染控制与生态环境保护方面研究。Email:sunyaqiao@126.comDOI：10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.

摘要：通过渭河原水和客水的混合稀释实验模拟调水后受水区水环境的演化，价调水后水环境的重金属污染特征、含变化规律及潜在的生态风险。研究结果表明：在pH、矿化度等其他因素和重金属间相互作用下，渭南和咸阳段混合水体中重金属Co、Cr、Mn、Mo、Pb和V的含量基本上随客水混入量的增大而下降，水质呈良性发展；客水汇入后，受混合稀释作用的影响，混合水的重金属内梅罗综合污染指数P综合平均降低幅度达到60%左右，重金属污染程度明显降低；调水后受水区水环境中单个重金属潜在生态风险系数和潜在生态危害指数RI明显降低，重金属Cr、Mn、Pb的潜在生态风险系数平均下降幅度分别达到50%、70%、56%左右，潜在生态危害指数RI的平均下降幅度为57%作用，说明调水的混合稀释作用可以明显降低重金属的潜在生态风险。

关键词：受水区；重金属污染；内梅罗指数；潜在生态风险指数；潜在生态危害系数；“引汉济渭”工程

中图分类号：X171，X53文献标志码：A文章编号：16721683（2014）04005106

Water Environment Evolution and Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment

in the WaterReceiving Area after Water Transfer

SUN Yaqiao1,DUAN Lei1,DOU Lin1,QIAO Xiaoxia2,SHEN Yuanyuan1

(1School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Chang′an University,Key Laboratory of

Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of

Environmental Protection & Pollution and Remediation of Water and Soil of Shaanxi Province,Xi′an 710054，China

2Road and Bridge Department,Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Communications,Chengdu,611130，China)

Abstract:The mixture dilution experiment of Weihe River water andincoming water was performed to simulate the water environment evolution in the water receiving area after water transfer and to assess the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in the water environment and the potential ecological risk.The results showed that (1) the contents of Co,Cr,Mn,Mo,Pb,and V in the mixed water of Weihe River of the Weinan and Xianyang sections decrease with the increasing volume of incoming water due to the impacts of the interactions among pH,TDS,and heavy metals,and water quality of the mixed water improves;(2) thecomprehensive pollution index of heavy metal (Nemoro P综合) of the mixed water reduces by about 60% in average due to mixture dilution,and the pollution degree of heavy metals decreases significantly;and (3) the potential ecological risk coefficient of single heavy metal and potential ecological risk index RI in the water environment of the waterreceiving area after water transfer reduce apparently.The average decline rates of the potential ecological risk coefficients of Cr,Mn,and Pb are 50%,70%,and 56% respectively,and the average decline rate of the potential ecological hazard index RI is 57%,which indicates that the mixture dilution can decrease the potential ecological risk of heavy metals significantly.

Key words:waterreceiving area;heavy metal pollution;Nemoro index;potential ecological risk coefficient;potential ecological hazard index;Hanjing River to Weihe River water transfer project

我国水资源严重短缺并且时空分布不均，随着社会经济的高速发展，水资源供需矛盾加剧［1］。近些年来，各种规模的跨流域调水工程如“引黄济青”、“引碧入连”、“南水北调”、“引汉济渭”等大量修改，用以调整水资源的时空分配，缓解缺水带来的生态环境、工农业生产、居民生活等方面的问题［2］。……