赵锦秀

一、 宾语从句的定义

在复合句中，置于及物动词、介词或某些形容词后起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。如

He told me that hell leave for Shanghai tomorrow.

Im thinking of whether I should join the club.

Im afraid that I cant come this afternoon.

二、 引导词的用法

引导宾语从句的词叫引导词。

1.当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：He said (that) he could finish his work before supper．

注意：在以下情况下that不能省略

（1）当主句的谓语动词后接多个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，但是后面的that不可省略。如：She said (that) you were too young to understand the problem and that he was asked not to tell you.

( 2)当主句的谓语动词与that引导的宾语从句之间有插入语时， that一般不可省略。如：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that the girl was wearing a ring.

( 3)当that所引导的宾语从句是主句的双宾语中的直接宾语时， that不可省略。如：

I cant tell her that her mother died.

注意：当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, except等词时，常常把否定转移到主句表示。如：I dont think (that) you are right.

注意：在带复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句放到句尾，而用it做形式主语。如：I find it necessary that we should do our homework on time.

2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：

I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．

注意：在以下情况下只能用whether

(1)在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时,如：

Let me know whether or not he will come．

I wonder whether we stay or whether we go．

(2)在介词之后用whether.如：I'm interested in whether she likes English．

(3)在不定式前用whether.如： I don't know whether to go．

(4)whether置于句首时，不能换用if.如：Whether this is true or not，I can't say．

(5)若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether. 如:

Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：“你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我”或“请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书”。Please let me know whether you like the book．

注意：引导否定概念的宾语从句时只能用if.如： Shi asked if I didnt come to the party yesterday.

3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词（代词：who, whose, what, which, whom等；副词：when, where, how, why等）引导。如：

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting yesterday？

【典型例题】

1.（2013浙江丽水第29题）-Im going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie?

-Well, it depends on_________. If money isnt a problem, you can buy a BMW.

A. when you will buy one

B. how much you can afford

C. what color you like

D. where you are driving.

【答案】B

【解析】考查宾语从句中连接词的用法。根据下文语境“如果钱不是问题的话，你可以买一辆宝马”，可以推出此处应为：这取决于你能支付多少钱。和选项B相符，所以选B。……