流程图及鱼骨图在降低开放性创伤手术围术期感染中的应用研究
2014-07-05朱红费惠严海霞徐善祥
朱红+费惠+严海霞+徐善祥
[摘要] 目的 研究流程图及鱼骨图在降低开放性创伤手术围手术期感染中的应用效果。方法 分析既往开放性创伤患者围手术期感染的危险因素,制定感染因素鱼骨图及管理感染流程图,将其应用于手术医护人员培训中,观察应用前后医务人员考评分及职业暴露情况。 结果 培训前总评分(82.51±4.89)分、职业暴露8.93%、正确处理71.15%、感染15.98%;培训后分别为(97.36±2.11)分、3.61%、100.00%、5.93%。结论 应用开放性创伤感染危险因素鱼骨图及管理流程图培训后,有助于护理人员更好地掌握防控感染的相关知识,同时降低职业暴露率。
[关键词] 流程图;鱼骨图;开放性创伤;围手术期;感染
[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2014)17-0150-04
Application of flow diagram and fishbone diagram to reduce perioperative infection of open wounds during operation
ZHU Hong1 FEI Hui1 YAN Haixia1 XU Shanxiang2
1.Operation Room, the First Hospital of Ningbo City in Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315010, China; 2. Department of Orthopedics, the Second People's Hospital of Ganzhou City in Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 415000, China
[Abstract] Objective To study the flow chart and fishbone diagram open wounds in reducing perioperative infection in the application results. Methods Patients with open wounds previous perioperative risk factors for infection, infection factors to develop a flow chart fishbone diagram and management of infection, surgery will be applied within the health care training, medical personnel observed before and after application of the test scores and occupational exposure situation. Results Before training the total score were (82.51±4.89) points, occupational exposure 8.93%, with proper handling 71.15%, infection 15.98%; After training that respectively were(97.36±2.11) points, with occupational exposure 3.61%, proper handling 100.00%, infection 5.93%. Conclusion The application of risk factors fishbone diagram flow chart of training and management of open wound infection, helping nurses to better grasp the knowledge of infection prevention and control, while reducing the rate of occupational exposure.
[Key words] Flow chart; Fishbone diagram; Open wound; Perioperative period; Infection
开放性创伤即受伤部位的内部组织与外界相通。开放性创伤多为意外伤,发病较急,病情发展快。由于开放性创伤表皮受损,可能有异物残留或组织坏死,如果未能及时清理或切除,则易诱发感染[1]。重症患者引起的全身性感染可能导致多器官功能障碍、脓毒血症及脓毒性休克,同时也是开放性创伤后期死亡的重要原因。故对于开放性创伤围手术期感染的预防与职业防护,是临床医务工作者关注的重点。现本文就对开放性创伤患者应用感染因素的鱼骨图及管理感染的流程图对临床疗效的作用具体分析如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取医院手术室手术护士10名,均为女性,年龄37~48岁,平均(44.3±2.3)岁,其中本科4名,大专6名;副主任护师2名,主管护师8名。
1.2 研究方法……p>
